Table 2. Population genetic characteristics, determined using 19 microsatellite loci of honey bees sampled from 25 geographical regions in the Republic of South Africa (excluding bees from BW, CD, WD and PE—see text).
Region abbreviations are explained in Table 1. Bee identity was determined using Eimanifar et al. (2018a, 2018b) and (Bustamante, Baiser & Ellis, in press). Abbreviations: Na, mean number of observed allele per locus; Ne, mean number of effective population size; Ar, mean allelic richness; Hobs, observed heterozygosity; Hexp, expected heterozygosity; uHe, mean unbiased estimate of expected heterozygosity; I, Shannon index; FIS; Fixation index and NP (%), percentage of mean number of private alleles per region. The standard deviation is indicated in parentheses. The data are the mean with s.e. below in parentheses (Mean (s.e.)).
| Pop. | Na | Ne | Ar | H obs | H exp | u He | I | F IS | Np (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A.m. scutellata regions | |||||||||
| BL | 10.7 (0.8) | 6.4 (0.5) | 8.73 (2.33) | 0.79 (0.04) | 0.83 (0.01) | 0.84 (0.01) | 2 (0.08) | 0.05 (0.04) | 15.8 (8.6) |
| KR | 10.4 (0.7) | 6.5 (0.5) | 8.83 (2.27) | 0.75 (0.03) | 0.83 (0.01) | 0.85 (0.01) | 2.01 (0.07) | 0.10 (0.03) | 0 (0) |
| PT | 10.7 (0.7) | 5.9 (0.4) | 8.86 (2.18) | 0.79 (0.03) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.83 (0.01) | 1.97 (0.07) | 0.03 (0.03) | 26.3 (10.4) |
| SP | 9.9 (0.5) | 5.7 (0.3) | 8.14 (1.51) | 0.77 (0.04) | 0.81 (0.01) | 0.83 (0.01) | 1.92 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.04) | 10.5 (7.2) |
| UP | 9.8 (0.6) | 5.8 (0.4) | 8.19 (1.92) | 0.74 (0.03) | 0.81 (0.01) | 0.83 (0.01) | 1.91 (0.07) | 0.09 (0.03) | 5.3 (5.3) |
| VR | 9.9 (0.6) | 5.4 (0.3) | 8.00 (1.65) | 0.74 (0.04) | 0.80 (0.01) | 0.82 (0.01) | 1.88 (0.06) | 0.08 (0.04) | 10.5 (7.2) |
| A.m. scutellata mean (SE) | 10.23 (0.42) | 5.95 (0.42) | 8.46 (0.39) | 0.76 (0.02) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.83 (0.01) | 1.95 (0.05) | 0.07 (0.03) | 11.4 (9.06) |
| A.m. capensis regions | |||||||||
| BD | 9.8 (0.6) | 5.8 (0.4) | 8.11 (1.81) | 0.78 (0.04) | 0.81 (0.02) | 0.82 (0.02) | 1.91 (0.07) | 0.04 (0.04) | 0 (0) |
| CT | 9.3 (0.5) | 5.3 (0.3) | 7.84 (1.50) | 0.73 (0.05) | 0.80 (0.01) | 0.81 (0.01) | 1.86 (0.06) | 0.09 (0.05) | 0 (0) |
| GE | 9.2 (0.5) | 5.3 (0.3) | 8.13 (1.65) | 0.74 (0.03) | 0.80 (0.01) | 0.81 (0.01) | 1.86 (0.06) | 0.07 (0.04) | 15.8 (8.6) |
| LB | 10.3 (0.6) | 6.4 (0.4) | 8.91 (2.15) | 0.75 (0.04) | 0.83 (0.01) | 0.85 (0.01) | 2.01 (0.07) | 0.10 (0.04) | 0 (0) |
| LA | 9.6 (0.5) | 5.4 (0.4) | 7.92 (1.53) | 0.77 (0.03) | 0.80 (0.01) | 0.82 (0.01) | 1.87 (0.06) | 0.04 (0.04) | 0 (0) |
| MB | 10.2 (0.6) | 6.1 (0.5) | 8.55 (1.90) | 0.77 (0.03) | 0.81 (0.02) | 0.83 (0.02) | 1.96 (0.08) | 0.06 (0.03) | 10.5 (7.2) |
| OD | 11.3 (0.6) | 6.3 (0.4) | 9.30 (1.91) | 0.73 (0.04) | 0.83 (0.01) | 0.84 (0.01) | 2.05 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.05) | 0 (0) |
| RD | 10.5 (0.7) | 6.1 (0.4) | 8.58 (1.95) | 0.80 (0.04) | 0.82 (0.02) | 0.84 (0.02) | 1.98 (0.07) | 0.03 (0.03) | 10.5 (7.2) |
| ST | 9.7 (0.5) | 5.5 (0.3) | 8.08 (1.49) | 0.76 (0.04) | 0.81 (0.01) | 0.82 (0.01) | 1.89 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.04) | 5.3 (5.3) |
| SW | 9.6 (0.7) | 5.9 (0.5) | 8.21 (2.17) | 0.70 (0.04) | 0.81 (0.02) | 0.83 (0.02) | 1.92 (0.07) | 0.14 (0.05) | 5.3 (5.3) |
| TR | 9.8 (0.6) | 6.1 (0.4) | 8.50 (2.10) | 0.71 (0.05) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.84 (0.01) | 1.94 (0.07) | 0.13 (0.05) | 5.3 (5.3) |
| A.m. capensis mean (SE) | 9.94 (0.60) | 5.84 (0.40) | 8.38 (0.44) | 0.75 (0.03) | 0.81 (0.01) | 0.83 (0.01) | 1.93 (0.06) | 0.08 (0.04) | 4.79 (5.49) |
| Hybrid regions | |||||||||
| EL | 10.8 (0.5) | 6.2 (0.4) | 9.00 (1.67) | 0.73 (0.03) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.84 (0.02) | 2 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.04) | 15.8 (8.6) |
| GR | 9.5 (0.6) | 5.7 (0.4) | 7.92 (1.83) | 0.77 (0.03) | 0.81 (0.02) | 0.82 (0.02) | 1.88 (0.07) | 0.05 (0.03) | 0 (0) |
| GT | 10.1 (0.5) | 5.9 (0.3) | 8.44 (1.50) | 0.75 (0.04) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.84 (0.01) | 1.96 (0.05) | 0.09 (0.05) | 10.5 (7.2) |
| KL | 10.8 (0.6) | 6.9 (0.4) | 9.10 (1.86) | 0.75 (0.04) | 0.84 (0.01) | 0.86 (0.01) | 2.07 (0.06) | 0.11 (0.04) | 15.8 (8.6) |
| KN | 9.9 (0.5) | 6.1 (0.4) | 8.36 (1.63) | 0.73 (0.03) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.84 (0.01) | 1.96 (0.06) | 0.11 (0.04) | 5.3 (5.3) |
| MF | 10.0 (0.7) | 5.9 (0.3) | 8.35 (1.77) | 0.77 (0.03) | 0.82 (0.02) | 0.83 (0.02) | 1.94 (0.06) | 0.06 (0.03) | 21.1 (9.6) |
| PB | 10.3 (0.5) | 5.7 (0.3) | 8.28 (1.60) | 0.71 (0.03) | 0.81 (0.01) | 0.83 (0.01) | 1.92 (0.06) | 0.12 (0.04) | 15.8 (8.6) |
| SF | 8.3 (0.5) | 5.3 (0.3) | 7.59 (1.63) | 0.75 (0.05) | 0.80 (0.01) | 0.82 (0.01) | 1.80 (0.05) | 0.06 (0.06) | 5.3 (5.3) |
| Hybrid mean (SE) | 9.96 (0.80) | 5.96 (0.47) | 8.38 (0.50) | 0.75 (0.02) | 0.82 (0.01) | 0.84 (0.01) | 1.94 (0.08) | 0.09 (0.03) | 11.20 (7.14) |