Fig. 3.

Historical perspective from a systematic review of the literature. A, Technical and cultural milestones in MS-based immunopeptidomics. The dotted arrow to the right indicates a hypothetical future point in time at which the first IWAS will have been successfully conducted. B, Global distribution of research groups that have shown productivity in the field of MS-based immunopeptidomics. (Left panel) A systematic PubMed search (2019/06/24) resulted in a total number of > 500 publications from 381 corresponding authors distributed across 180 cities and 36 countries, since the first peptide was sequenced in 1990. (Right panel) A systematic PRIDE and MassIVE (ProteomeXchange resources) search (2019/07/24) resulted in 94 publicly available MS immunopeptidomic datasets coming from 46 laboratory heads, distributed across 32 cities and 14 countries, since the first dataset was deposited in 2013. The circles indicate the location of the corresponding authors/laboratory heads. The size of the circles is proportional to the number of publications/datasets reported by the corresponding author/laboratory head. C, The pie charts show the proportion of publications from the systematic PubMed search. (Left) The pie chart shows the proportion of publications that have answered an immunology question and/or that have tackled a technological limitation. (Right) The pie chart shows the proportion of studies that have applied the available technology to answer an immunology question in the context of basic research (antigen processing and presentation) or applied research (cancer, infectious diseases and autoimmunity/inflammation). See supplemental Table S1 for details about the PubMed and PRIDE/MassIVE searches.