Table 1.

Baseline characteristics and comorbidities in 584 patients with spinal stenosis

Variable	Age group (yr)				p-value
	20–64	65–74	75–84	≥ 85
No. of patients	218	180	155	31
No. of surgeries	237	222	181	33
Male sex (%)	77	71	62	67	0.011*
Dependent status (mRS ≥ 3)	30	39	50	67	< 0.001*
Mean No. of medical comorbidities	1.8	2.2	2.7	2.8	< 0.001*
Hypertension	29	51	62	70	< 0.001*
Diabetes	15	20	25	15	0.063
Insulin use	1	6	4	0	0.021*
Hypercholesterolemia	18	19	29	27	0.028*
BMI (kg/m2), mean ± SD	24 ± 4.4	24 ± 3.5	23 ± 3.5	22 ± 2.4	0.008*
BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2	37	37	27	9	0.002*
Current smoker	26	14	10	3	< 0.001*
Ex-smoker	8	13	14	15	0.065
Restrictive pulmonary disease	11	9	14	9	0.53
Obstructive pulmonary disease	5	10	16	27	< 0.001*
Hemoglobin (g/dL), mean ± SD	13.9 ± 1.5	13.3 ± 1.3	12.8 ± 1.6	12.3 ± 1.3	0.28
Malnutrition (Alb < 3.5 mg/dL)	2	1	8	12	< 0.001*
Infection	5	9	6	3	0.40
Cardiovascular disease	5	12	20	27	< 0.001*
Digestive disease	8	10	12	18	0.21
Urological disease	3	7	15	12	< 0.001*
Involuntary movement disorder	11	8	2	3	0.001*
Parkinson disease	6	9	3	3	0.098
History of cerebral stroke	2	5	9	18	0.001*
History of cancer	2	7	10	24	< 0.001*
Steroid use	3	5	2	0	0.27
ASA physical status classification					< 0.001*
I	32	15	7	3
II	59	75	78	67
III	9	10	15	30

Values are presented as percentage unless otherwise indicated.

mRS, modified Rankin Scale; BMI, body mass index; SD, standard deviation; Alb, albumin; ASA, American Society of Anesthesiologists.

^*p<0.05, statistically significant differences.