Fig. 2.

NDV and radiation combined with PD1 blockade prolong survival in a metastatic murine melanoma model:

(a) Mouse treatment scheme. 200,000 and 100,000 B16-F10 melanoma cells were implanted in the right and left flank of C57BL/6 mice (n = 9–12 mice per group). 9 days post-implantation, tumours were treated with five intratumoural administrations of NDV at 10⁷ pfu every two days in the right flank tumour vs. mock treatment and three i.p. injections of anti-PD1 every four days. Certain cohorts of the tumour-implanted mice received 20 Gy of single fraction radiation to the right flank tumour vs. mock treatment. Tumour volumes were measured until mice reached a humane endpoint.

(b) Clinically complete regression rates, defined by the absence of a visible or palpable tumour, in response to treatment are plotted. Statistical analysis was conducted with the Mantel-Cox test. *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.

(c) Overall survival rates are also shown. Statistical analysis was conducted with the Mantel-Cox test. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01.

(d) Individual tumour volume progressions in the treated tumours receiving radiation and/or NDV injections (or mock treatment in the case of the anti-PD1 control).

(e) Individual tumour volume progressions in the non-treated tumours.