. 2019 Dec 23;8(1):17–24. doi: 10.4103/sjmms.sjmms_2_19

Table 1.

Impacts of topical application of curcumin nanoformulation on inflammation, angiogenesis, fibroblasts proliferation, collagen content and reepithelization in circular excision wound model in Wistar rats

Histological parameters	Positive control	Curcumin nanoformulation
Inflammation
Day 7	3.667 ± 0.500^A	3.889 ± 0.333^A
Day 14	2.333 ± 0.500^B	3.444 ± 0.726^a,B
Day 21	1.444 ± 0.726^C	1.222 ± 0.441^B
Angiogenesis
Day 7	3.556 ± 0.726^A	4.000 ± 0.000^A
Day 14	2.778 ± 0.667^b,B	3.889 ± 0.333^a,A
Day 21	1.556 ± 1.130^B	1.556 ± 0.726^B
Fibroblast
Day 7	3.111 ± 0.333^B	2.889 ± 0.333^B
Day 14	4.000 ± 0.000^A	4.000 ± 0.000^A
Day 21	1.889 ± 0.782^C	1.556 ± 0.527^C
Collagen
Day 7	1.778 ± 0.833^B	1.889 ± 0.333^C
Day 14	3.000 ± 0.707^A	2.556 ± 0.527^B
Day 21	2.667 ± 0.500^A	3.667 ± 0.500^a,A
Reepithelization
Day 7	0.000 ± 0.000^C	0.000 ± 0.000^C
Day 14	0.444 ± 0.527^B	0.000 ± 0.000^a,B
Day 21	2.000 ± 0.00^A	2.000 ± 0.000^A

Key for inflammation, angiogenesis, fibroblast and collagen: 0 – Absent; 1 – Occasionally present; 2 – Scattered in the field; 3 – Abundant; 4 – Confluent. For reepithelization: 0 – Absent; 1 – Presence of one layer; 2 – Presence of more than one layer. Lowercase superscript alphabets within the same row indicate statistical significance (P < 0.05); different uppercase superscript alphabets in the same column indicate statistical significance