Table 1.
Social demographic characteristics, China, 2011–2015
| Variables | Description | 2011 (All = 10,724) | 2013 (All = 8005) | 2015 (All = 10,651) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dependent variables | Probability of inpatient service utilization (Percentage) | 12.02 | 16.31 | 17.28 |
| Frequency of inpatient services utilization (Means) | 0.17 | 0.25 | 0.26 | |
| Predisposing variables | ||||
| Gender | Female1, n(%) | 5603(52.25) | 4279 (53.45) | 5653 (53.07) |
| Male, n(%) | 5121 (47.75) | 3726 (46.55) | 4998 (46.93) | |
| Age | 45~591, n(%) | 5551 (51.76) | 3685 (46.03) | 4542 (42.64) |
| 60~74, n(%) | 4188 (39.05) | 3614 (45.15) | 5108 (47.96) | |
| 75+, n(%) | 985 (9.19) | 706 (8.82) | 1001 (9.40) | |
| Education level | Illiterate1, n(%) | 5030 (46.90) | 3703 (46.26) | 4767 (44.76) |
| Primary school, n(%) | 2332 (21.75) | 1748 (21.84) | 2392 (22.46) | |
| Middle school, n(%) | 2107 (19.65) | 1624 (20.29) | 2184 (20.51) | |
| High school and above, n(%) | 1255 (11.70) | 930 (11.62) | 1308 (12.28) | |
| Marital status | Married, n(%) | 9322 (86.93) | 7024 (87.75) | 9254 (86.88) |
| Unmarried1, n(%) | 1402 (13.07) | 981 (12.25) | 1397 (13.12) | |
| Employment status | Unemployed1, n(%) | 4397 (41.00) | 3027 (37.81) | 4142 (38.89) |
| Agricultural work, n(%) | 4027 (37.55) | 3397 (42.44) | 3921 (36.81) | |
| Working in units, n(%) | 1429 (13.33) | 908 (11.34) | 958 (8.99) | |
| Other working, n(%) | 871 (8.12) | 673 (8.41) | 1630 (15.30) | |
| Enabling variables | ||||
| Health insurance schemes | No health insurance1, n(%) | 651 (6.07) | 216 (2.70) | 729 (6.84) |
| UEBMI, n(%) | 1091 (10.17) | 918 (11.47) | 1064 (9.99) | |
| URBMI, n(%) | 482 (4.49) | 396 (4.95) | 438 (4.11) | |
| NRCMS, n(%) | 7732 (72.10) | 5902 (73.73) | 7000 (65.72) | |
| Other health insurance, n(%) | 768 (7.16) | 573 (7.16) | 1420 (13.33) | |
| Geographic location | East1, n(%) | 3276 (30.55) | 2452 (30.63) | 3394 (31.87) |
| Central, n(%) | 3704 (34.54) | 2634 (32.90) | 3533 (33.17) | |
| West, n(%) | 3744 (34.91) | 2919 (36.46) | 3724 (34.96) | |
| Residency location | Urban, n(%) | 4201 (39.17) | 3055 (38.16) | 4165 (39.10) |
| Rural1, n(%) | 6523 (60.83) | 4950 (61.84) | 6486 (60.90) | |
| PCE | Mean (RMB) | 8368.71 | 12,116.83 | 16,063.40 |
| Need variables | ||||
| Self-assessed health status | Healthy, n(%) | 6632 (61.84) | 5281 (65.97) | 7086 (66.53) |
| Unhealthy1, n(%) | 4092 (38.16) | 2724 (34.03) | 3565 (33.47) | |
| Disability | Yes, n(%) | 2223 (20.73) | 2338 (29.21) | 3911 (36.72) |
| No1, n(%) | 8501 (79.27) | 5667 (70.79) | 6740 (63.28) | |
| PADL | Yes, n(%) | 2290 (21.35) | 1669 (20.85) | 2582 (24.24) |
| No1, n(%) | 8434 (78.65) | 6336 (79.15) | 8069 (75.76) | |
| IADL | Yes, n(%) | 2798 (26.09) | 1857 (23.20) | 2735 (25.68) |
| No1, n(%) | 7926 (73.91) | 6148 (76.80) | 7916 (74.32) | |
Note: 1Reference group; PCE per capita household consumption expenditure; PADL Physical Activity of Daily Living; IADL Instrumental Activity of Daily Living; UEBMI Urban Employee Basic Medical Insurance; NRCMS New Rural Cooperative Medical Scheme; URBMI Urban Residents Basic Medical Insurance