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. 2020 Jan 7;18:7. doi: 10.1186/s12951-019-0568-x

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Fig. 2 — Construction of the VHH library and screening the PPV-VP2 specific nanobodies by phage display technology. a Titres of antibodies against PPV-VP2 protein in the sera from the Camel after the fifth immunisation. b 48 clones were randomly picked to estimate the correct insertion rate by PCR. The size of PCR products was approximately 700 bp. c Identification of the periplasmic extracts from the 96 clones specifically binding to the PPV-VP2 protein with indirect ELISA. 90 clones were identified as positive. d Alignment of the amino acid sequences of 5 screened nanobodies against PPV-VP2 protein. The sequences are grouped according to their CDRs. e Specific reactions between the 5 screened nanobodies and PPV-VP2 protein