Figure 3.

(A) Normal premorbid computed tomography (CT) through the upper lobes 12 months before the patient underwent a Nuss procedure to correct a pectus excavatum deformity. (B) CT through the same region scanned 3 years after surgery that was complicated by recurrent postoperative pulmonary infection showing dense asymmetric pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis. Dramatic reduction of the anteroposterior thoracic distance is accompanied by anatomic distortion, including a change in the relationship between the posterior wall of the trachea and the vertebral body.