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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Dec 1.
Published in final edited form as: Biomaterials. 2019 Sep 5;223:119476. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2019.119476

Figure 4. NM23TC long-term cell-nanoparticle interactions and efficacy:

Figure 4.

M23TC levels after a single 8 h media treatment of 100 μM NM23TC or 3TC, followed by PBS wash and replacement with fresh medium over 30 days. (A) Drug and (B) 3TC-TP were quantified at days 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 after treatment removal. (C) Release of prodrug from MDM into culture medium at days 1, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 after treatment removal. Long-term antiretroviral efficacy was determined. At days 0, 1, 5,10, 15, 20, and 30 after an 8 h drug loading with 100μM 3TC or NM3TC, MDM were challenged with HIV-1ADA at 0.1 MOI for 4 h. Untreated infected and untreated uninfected cells served as positive and negative controls, respectively. Viral media was replaced with fresh media and cells were cultured for an additional 10 days. Medium was collected for HIV reverse transcriptase (RT) activity measurement; (D) corresponding cells were fixed in paraformaldehyde and stained for HIV-1 p24 antigen (brown). (E) HIV RT activities were measured and expressed as a percentage of RT activities in HIV-1 infected untreated MDM. (F) RT activities in cells pre-treated with 100, 50, or 25 μM NM23TC and infected 10-days later with HIV-1ADA.