Table 4.
Characteristics and outcomes of women with placental abruption as primary cause of MOH [20] (n = 45)
| N (%) | |
|---|---|
| Maternal risk factors | |
| Primigravida | 15 (33.3) |
| Parity ≥4 | 2 (4.4) |
| Alcohola | 7 (2) |
| Smokinga | 11 (25) |
| Anaemia | 2 (4.4) |
| Risk factors from past obstetrics history | |
| Hypertensive disease | 12 (26.7) |
| Caesarean section | 8 (17.8) |
| Placental abruption | 3 (6.7) |
| Stillbirth | 4 (8.9) |
| Neonatal death | 3 (6.7) |
| Pregnancy-associated risk factors | |
| Hypertension | |
| (Pregnancy induced) hypertension | 7 (15.6) |
| Pre-eclampsia | 28 (62.2) |
| Gestation | |
| 20–24 | 5 (11.1) |
| 25–31 | 11 (24.4) |
| 32–37 | 19 (42.2) |
| > 37 | 7 (15.6) |
| Missing | 3 (6.7) |
| Outcomes | |
| Stillbirths | 42 (95) |
| Stillbirths on admission | 35 (77.8) |
| Fresh stillbirths | 7 (15.6) |
| CSb for suspected abruption (baby alive before CS) | 5 (11.1) |
| CS with stillbirth | 7 (15.6) |
| Hysterectomy | 1 (2.2) |
| Uterine rupturec | 1 (2.2) |
| Massive transfusiond | 5 (11.1) |
aduring current pregnancy
bCS Caesarean section
cfailed induction for stillbirth, presented with acute abdominal pain during laparotomy uterine rupture was diagnosed, hysterectomy was needed
d≥ 8 RBC transfusion