Table 3.
Odds ratio (95% confidence intervals) of GDM associated with different levels of RBP4 in the first trimester and second trimester
| Quartiles of RBP4 | P for trend | Per 1 log increment | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | |||
| First trimester | ||||||
| Median (range) | 5.8 (4.2–8.2) | 12.9 (11.4–14.0) | 20.6 (17.7–22.7) | 42.1 (32.5–61.6) | ||
| Cases (%) | 31 (45.6) | 28 (41.8) | 34 (50.0) | 42 (62.7) | ||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 1.07 (0.44–2.64) | 2.06 (0.76–5.58) | 3.63 (1.30–10.12) | 0.004 | 3.60 (1.29–10.03) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.41–2.71) | 2.58 (0.86–7.75) | 3.72 (1.27–10.87) | 0.005 | 3.14 (1.09–9.06) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 1.06 (0.41–2.74) | 2.60 (0.86–7.86) | 3.71 (1.27–10.84) | 0.005 | 3.12 (1.08–9.04) |
| Second trimester | ||||||
| Median (range) | 5.9 (4.6–8.9) | 13.3 (12.0–14.9) | 20.1 (17.8–23.7) | 40.2 (30.1–54.9) | ||
| Cases (%) | 32 (47.8) | 27 (39.7) | 35 (52.2) | 41 (60.3) | ||
| Model 1a | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.36–2.17) | 2.30 (0.78–6.79) | 3.26 (1.09–9.72) | 0.018 | 3.62 (1.17–11.25) |
| Model 2b | 1.00 | 0.88 (0.34–2.25) | 2.88 (0.88–9.42) | 3.25 (1.02–10.34) | 0.026 | 3.34 (1.03–10.85) |
| Model 3c | 1.00 | 0.89 (0.35–2.30) | 2.95 (0.90–9.69) | 3.30 (1.03–10.52) | 0.028 | 3.38 (1.03–11.08) |
Abbreviations: GDM Gestational diabetes mellitus, RBP4 Retinol-binding protein 4
a Model 1: adjusted for maternal age, education, occupation, gestational weeks of RBP4 measurements in the first trimester, pre-pregnancy BMI, GWG before OGTT, SBP, DBP
b Model 2: Model 1 additional adjusted total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL, LDL, GFR, ALT, AST
c Model 3: Model 2 additional adjusted daily intake of calories and weekly physical activity time