Table 3.

Trend test and dose-dependent effect of the intensity of PPAR-γ modulating treatments on risk of recurrent ischemic stroke by using the whole cohort before matching

Trend	Patient number	No. of event (%)	p trend	p trend‡
Trend test of telmisartan and pioglitazone effect			0.087	0.076
Pioglitazone plus telmisartan	246	42 (17.1)
Pioglitazone alone	2944	556 (18.9)
Telmisartan alone	2259	490 (21.7)
Dose-dependent effect of pioglitazone			0.015	0.068
MPR ≥ 80	1406	231 (16.4)
MPR < 80	1784	367 (20.6)
Non-pioglitazone	32,645	6973 (21.4)

PPAR-γ peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma, MPR medication possession ratio

Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05

^‡Adjusted for all the variables listed in Table 1, except medications, follow-up years and the propensity score