TABLE 4.

Twelve months follow-up and clinical outcomes of enrolled hypertension patients among seven rural health centers and three district hospitals in Rwanda

Variable	Health centers n (%)	District hospitals n (%)	P value
Follow-up outcome at 12 months (n = 162)	n = 59	n = 103
Alive and in care	57 (96.6)	72 (69.9)	0.01*
Died	0	1 (1.0)
Lost to follow-up	2 (3.4)	30 (29.1)
Number of visits in the first 12 months† (n = 129)	n = 57	n = 72
Median [IQR]	6 [5 to 8]	6 [4 to 7]	0.05‡
Six-month gap in care in first year†§ (n = 129)	n = 57	n = 72
Yes	7 (12.3)	10 (13.9)	>0.99*
No	50 (87.7)	62 (86.1)
Patients with blood pressure at goal, n/N (%)#
At enrollment	15/59 (25.4)	9/103 (8.7)	<0.01*
At 12 months¶	20/50 (40.0)	20/62 (32.3)	0.43*
Changes in blood pressure, mmHg, median [IQR]¶	n = 50	n = 62
SBP at baseline	151 [139 to 165]	160 [140 to 160]	0.79‡
SBP at 12 months	132 [140 to 153]	141 [130 to 156]	0.93‡
Change in SBP over 12 months	6.5 [−8 to 27]	6.5 [−5 to 27)	0.55‡
DBP at baseline	85.5 [79 to 97]	82 [80 to 90]	0.41‡
DBP at 12 months	85 [80 to 89]	80 [70 to 90]	0.11‡
Change in DBP over 12 months	2 [−8 to 15]	4.5 [−10 to 15]	0.65‡

^* Fisher's exact test for categorical variables.

^† Limited to individuals alive and in care at 12 months.

^‡ Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables.

^§ Patients missed follow up appointments for >6 months, but <12 months.

^# Target for non-diabetics <140/90 mmHg; target for diabetics <130/80 mmHg.

^¶ Limited to individuals who were alive and in care at 12 months and have blood pressures measured at 12 months (±3 months).

IQR = interquartile range; SBP = systolic blood pressure; DBP = diastolic blood pressure.