Table 3:

Comparative Subtopics for Comments About Urinary Catheters and PICCs

Topic	Urinary Catheter Subtopics	PICC Subtopics
Patient convenience	• Decreased need to get to the bathroom     • Management of incontinence	• Better than having an IV     • Decreases needle sticks
Catheter malfunction	• Leaking     • Slow drainage	• Unable to draw blood     • Bleeding     • Dislodgement
Pain, irritation, discomfort	•Pain on insertion     • Pain while wearing     • Pain on removal	• Itching     • Irritation from dressings     • Uncomfortable     • Bruising     • Swelling     • Numbness
Activities of daily living	•Impaired sleep     • Impaired mobility	• Impairs use of arm     • Hard to shower     • Gets in the way of activities
Provider error	• Improper technique upon placement (with consequences of urinary tract infection and false passage)     • Improper technique upon removal (balloon deflation)	• Improper technique upon placement (failed insertion, tip in wrong place)     • Unable to dress PICC line properly     • Improper technique upon removal (skin securement hooks)
Other	• Change in urinary patterns     • Suspected UTI	•Scab at PICC site     • Dressing/cover issues     • Sensation of antibiotic infusion