Table.
Characteristics of Patients With a Principal Diagnosis of Pneumonia or Sepsis/Respiratory Failure
| Characteristic | Principal Diagnosis, n (%) | P Value* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Pneumonia | Sepsis/Respiratory Failure | ||
| Median age, y† | 72 (57–82) | 71 (59–81) | 0.005 |
| Sex | <0.001 | ||
| Male | 81 639 (46.0) | 35 136 (48.5) | |
| Female | 95 875 (54.0) | 37 366 (51.5) | |
| Comorbid conditions | |||
| Congestive heart failure | 33 115 (18.7) | 16 191 (22.3) | <0.001 |
| Valvular disease | 11 295 (6.4) | 4451 (6.1) | 0.35 |
| Pulmonary circulation disease | 7874 (4.4) | 4419 (6.1) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 9829 (5.5) | 4295 (5.9) | 0.060 |
| Hypertension | 88 085 (49.6) | 28 081 (38.7) | <0.001 |
| Paralysis | 4110 (2.3) | 2474 (3.4) | <0.001 |
| Other neurologic disorders | 17 812 (10.0) | 7741 (10.7) | 0.002 |
| Chronic pulmonary disease | 85 491 (48.2) | 35 974 (49.6) | 0.020 |
| Diabetes | 43 101 (24.3) | 16 391 (22.6) | <0.001 |
| Hypothyroidism | 21 726 (12.2) | 7005 (9.7) | <0.001 |
| Liver disease | 3215 (1.8) | 1679 (2.3) | <0.001 |
| Ulcer | 38 (0.02) | 14 (0.02) | 0.98 |
| AIDS | 17 (0.01) | 51 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Lymphoma | 2304 (1.3) | 843 (1.2) | 0.070 |
| Metastatic cancer | 4489 (2.5) | 2160 (3.0) | <0.001 |
| Solid tumor without metastasis | 5091 (2.9) | 1895 (2.6) | <0.001 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis/collagen vascular disease | 6063 (3.4) | 1930 (2.7) | <0.001 |
| Obesity | 14 488 (8.2) | 5827 (8.0) | 0.030 |
| Weight loss | 8781 (5.0) | 7058 (9.7) | <0.001 |
| Chronic blood loss anemia | 1011 (0.6) | 631 (0.9) | <0.001 |
| Deficiency anemias | 38 830 (21.7) | 16 721 (23.1) | 0.020 |
| Alcohol abuse | 4231 (2.4) | 2006 (2.8) | 0.001 |
| Drug abuse | 3389 (1.9) | 1358 (1.9) | 0.120 |
| Psychoses | 7212 (4.1) | 2822 (3.9) | 0.004 |
| Depression | 19 842 (11.2) | 6289 (8.7) | <0.001 |
| Renal failure | 21 552 (12.1) | 10 443 (14.4) | <0.001 |
| Hospital characteristics | |||
| Bed size | <0.001 | ||
| ≤200 beds | 37 290 (21.0) | 11 919 (16.4) | |
| 201–400 beds | 68 349 (38.5) | 29 298 (40.4) | |
| ≥401 beds | 71 875 (40.5) | 31 285 (43.2) | |
| Rural/urban status | <0.001 | ||
| Rural | 24 936 (14.1) | 7914 (10.9) | |
| Urban | 152 578 (86.0) | 64 588 (89.1) | |
| Teaching status | 0.090 | ||
| Teaching | 60 342 (34.0) | 26 393 (36.4) | |
| Nonteaching | 117 172 (66.0) | 46 109 (63.6) | |
| Region | 0.140 | ||
| Northeast | 30 949 (17.4) | 9900 (13.7) | |
| Midwest | 37 967 (21.4) | 17 281 (23.8) | |
| West | 29 299 (16.5) | 13 036 (18.0) | |
| South | 79 299 (44.7) | 32 285 (44.5) | |
| In-hospital mortality | 6297 (3.6) | 11 742 (16.2) | <0.001 |
| Total | 177 514 (71.0) | 72 502 (29.0) | |
*
Accounting for clustering of patients within hospitals.
†
Values in parentheses are 25th, 75th percentiles.