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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2020 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Opin Urol. 2019 Jul;29(4):458–465. doi: 10.1097/MOU.0000000000000632

Figure 1. Mechanism of Nerve Injury and Neuroregeneration.

Figure 1.

An uninjured peripheral nerve has motoneurons innervating muscle cells surrounded by Schwann cells in an intact epineurium (A). After a crush injury that does not damage the epineurium (B). After a transection injury that damages in which the epineurium is damaged (C). Regardless of the type of injury, Schwann cells switch to a regenerative phenotype and macrophages migrate into the nerve to clear cellular debris, while growth cones start to grow through the injury site (D & E). Later in the process of neuroregeneration, Schwann cells have formed bands of Büngner, while marcophages leave the nerve, and growth cones travel towards the target muscle (F & G).