Table 2.
Simulation results for systems with actual and optimum sizes.
| Parameters | Actual (residential, SH) | Optimum (residential, SH) | Optimum (nonresidential, SH) | Optimum (residential, HK) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PV+bat. | PV only | PV+bat. | PV only | PV+bat. | PV only | PV+bat. | PV only | |
| Battery sizes | 24 kWh | No | 8 kWh | No | 8 kWh | No | 8 kWh | No |
| PV sizes | 3 kW | 3 kW | 3.5 kW | 3.5 kW | 3.5 kW | 3.5 kW | 3.5 kW | 3.5 kW |
|
| ||||||||
| Battery charging (kWh) | 2617 | 0 | 1933 | 0 | 1588 | 0 | 1830 | 0 |
| Battery discharging (kWh) | 2125 | 0 | 1478 | 0 | 1273 | 0 | 1391 | 0 |
| Demand (kWh) | 4322 | 4322 | 4322 | 4322 | 4432 | 4432 | 4438 | 4438 |
| Grid import (kWh) | 1396 | 3436 | 1994 | 3413 | 1597 | 2803 | 2229 | 3557 |
| Grid export (kWh) | 184 | 2801 | 1465 | 3399 | 1077 | 2716 | 1107 | 2967 |
| PV production (kWh) | 3742 | 3742 | 4344 | 4344 | 4344 | 4344 | 3848 | 3848 |
| Self-consumed energy (kWh) | 2926 | 886 | 2328 | 908 | 2834 | 1628 | 2209 | 881 |
| Self-consumption rate | 79% | 24% | 54% | 21% | 65% | 37% | 57% | 23% |
| Self-sufficiency rate | 68% | 20% | 54% | 21% | 64% | 37% | 50% | 20% |
| Grid electricity cost (€) | 85 | 233 | 116 | 231 | 91 | 171 | 137 | 246 |
| PV incentive earning (€) (1-5 years) | 417 | 417 | 487 | 487 | 487 | 487 | 431 | 431 |
| PV incentive earning (€) (6-20 years) | 209 | 209 | 243 | 243 | 243 | 243 | 215 | 215 |
| Electricity sold earning (€) | 10 | 151 | 79 | 184 | 58 | 147 | 60 | 160 |
| Base electricity bill (€) (no PV, no battery) | 306 | 306 | 306 | 306 | 306 | 306 | 319 | 319 |
| NVP for 18 years (€) | -10357 | 1392 | -2467 | 1715 | -2382 | 2008 | -3137 | 1072 |