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. 2020 Jan 7;11:52. doi: 10.1038/s41467-019-13950-4

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — Ex vivo samples were collected from treatment naïve patients undergoing radical prostatectomy at Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center. Tumors used for this study had at least 40% neoplastic involvement upon pathological review. Tumor samples were treated with vehicle control (vehicle), or combination treatment (1 nM MTDIA + 1 µM BENSpm or 10 nM MTDIA + 10 µM BENSpm) for 7 days in the presence of 20 µM MTA. Images from representative tumors 3, 8, and 10 from immunohistochemical stained slides for a cleaved caspase-3 (CC3) or b spermidine/spermine N1-acetyltransferase (SSAT) in both vehicle and the combination treated samples (B + M. Intratumoral (c) spermidine (Vehicle; n = 13, 1 + 1 BM; n = 13, and 10 + 10 BM; n = 7), d spermine (Vehicle; n = 12, 1 + 1 BM; n = 12, and 10 + 10 BM; n = 9), and e spermidine + spermine (Vehicle; n = 11, 1 + 1 BM; n = 11, and 10 + 10 BM; n = 9) levels normalized to protein concentrations for vehicle and combination (B + M) treated tumor samples. f The correlation between the change in SSAT IHC Score and the change in total spermidine + spermine levels measured by UPLC in the combination treated samples (n = 12). Pearson’s r values are indicated. Statistical analysis for polyamines was done using a paired t-test. *p < 0.05.