TABLE 4.
Interactions between haplotypes and Mediterranean diet score for anthropometric measures1
| β-Coefficient ± SE (unadjusted model) | P-interaction (unadjusted model) | β-Coefficient ± SE (multivariable model)2 | P-interaction (multivariable model)2 | Overall P value for interaction (multivariable model)2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BMI, kg/m2 | 0.039 | ||||
| Haplotype GC | Ref | Ref | |||
| GT | −4.36 ± 2.50 | 0.182 | −1.67 ± 1.09 | 0.124 | |
| TC | −3.09 ± 2.66 | 0.060 | −1.97 ± 1.15 | 0.085 | |
| TT | −2.67 ± 1.56 | 0.041 | −1.53 ± 0.68 | 0.024 | |
| Waist circumference, cm | |||||
| Haplotype GC | Ref | Ref | 0.05 | ||
| GT | −4.36 ± 2.50 | 0.083 | −5.07 ± 2.50 | 0.042 | |
| TC | −3.09 ± 2.66 | 0.246 | −3.38 ± 2.63 | 0.198 | |
| TT | −2.67 ± 1.56 | 0.088 | −2.97 ± 1.55 | 0.056 | |
| Weight, kg | |||||
| Haplotype GC | Ref | Ref | 0.014 | ||
| GT | −4.17 ± 2.90 | 0.152 | −5.62 ± 2.83 | 0.048 | |
| TC | −5.35 ± 3.08 | 0.083 | −5.83 ± 2.99 | 0.052 | |
| TT | −3.62 ± 1.81 | 0.046 | −4.16 ± 1.77 | 0.019 | |
Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) score assessed with a modified Trichopoulou et al. definition (32) for adherence to 9 foods or nutrients using sex-specific population-based median cut-offs; range 0–9 points; higher score indicative of better adherence to the MedDiet. Low MedDiet defined as <4 points, and high MedDiet defined as ≥4 points, based on the median of the sample. Haplotype frequencies were estimated based on the genotypes of 2 SNPs TCF7L2-rs7903146 and TCF7L2-rs12255372 of 1120 participants using haplo.stats (version 1.7.9) R package.
2Values are β-coefficients ± SE adjusted for age, sex, household income, health insurance, educational attainment, physical activity, smoking status, psychological acculturation, social support, perceived stress, type 2 diabetes, and population structure. P value for interaction terms were obtained from the corresponding multivariate-adjusted models by including an interaction term as independent predictors of each outcome.