Table 4.

Biological processes involved in spermatogenesis and testicular development.

GO.ID	The Third-Level Functional Categories	All Gene Number	DEG Number	KS a
GO:0001539	cilium or flagellum-dependent cell motility	18	12	4.60E-06
GO:0007018	microtubule-based movement	61	31	7.90E-05
GO:0007283	spermatogenesis	20	11	0.00017
GO:0003006	developmental process involved in reproduction	70	23	0.0035
GO:0048515	spermatid differentiation	10	5	0.00452
GO:0007126	meiotic nuclear division	22	10	0.00474
GO:0044702	single organism reproductive process	89	30	0.00857
GO:0071695	anatomical structure maturation	6	1	0.00991
GO:0007286	spermatid development	9	4	0.01166
GO:0046903	secretion	64	8	0.01212
GO:0090068	positive regulation of cell cycle process	12	2	0.01577
GO:0033143	regulation of intracellular steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway	6	1	0.01586
GO:0007281	germ cell development	29	11	0.01627
GO:0035265	organ growth	11	4	0.01688
GO:0000910	cytokinesis	25	7	0.018
GO:0051495	positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization	23	4	0.01847
GO:0048729	tissue morphogenesis	289	50	0.01997
GO:0002009	morphogenesis of an epithelium	236	38	0.02012
GO:0051653	spindle localization	12	1	0.02114
GO:0048608	reproductive structure development	38	9	0.02247
GO:0061458	reproductive system development	38	9	0.02247
GO:0007010	cytoskeleton organization	223	50	0.02305
GO:0045010	actin nucleation	14	4	0.02346
GO:0007548	sex differentiation	33	9	0.02645
GO:0060070	canonical Wnt signaling pathway	77	12	0.03034
GO:0008406	gonad development	28	8	0.03043
GO:0060029	convergent extension involved in organogenesis	12	1	0.03087
GO:0051493	regulation of cytoskeleton organization	63	11	0.03124
GO:0007017	microtubule-based process	170	58	0.03224
GO:0030029	actin filament-based process	132	30	0.0363
GO:0046330	positive regulation of JNK cascade	11	1	0.04252
GO:0030036	actin cytoskeleton organization	130	30	0.04805

^aKS < 0.05 indicates statistical significance of enrichment.