. 2019 Dec 5;8(12):2151. doi: 10.3390/jcm8122151

Table 1.

Metabolic targets to treat cardiomyopathy in DMD/BMD patients.

Dysfunctional Metabolism	Molecular Alteration	Therapeutic Target	Available Drugs	Potential Therapeutic Strategy
Lipids	Increased cholesterol-to-phospholipid ratio	Cholesterol synthesis	Statin
Mitochondria	Increased O₂^•− production
	Impaired Ca²⁺ handling
	Impaired oxidative phosphorylation	Respiratory complex I function	Idebenone [24,25,26]
ROS	Increased expression of NOX2 Increased O₂^•− production	NOX2	Statin [22]	NOX2 inhibition
RNS	Lower NO levels Impaired NOS1 activity	NO delivery NO synthesis	NO donors [27]