Table 1.

Etiological factors in menopausal obesity

Physiological factors	Hormonal factor	Lifestyle-related factors	Psychological distress
Aging Decrease in BMR Decrease in lean mass Secondary causes (hypothyroidism, PCOS etc.) Musculoskeletal disorders	Hypoestrogenemia Hyperandrogenemia	Excessive caloric intake Low dietary fiber intake Excessive SSB intake Processed and convenience food (primarily energy-dense) consumption Skipping meal Large portion size Vitamin D deficiency Low physical activity Sedentary behavior Irregular sleep Smoking and alcohol intake	Depression Anxiety Mood disorder Irritability Emotional eating

BMR: Basal Metabolic rate, PCOS: Polycystic ovary syndrome, SSB: Sugar-sweetened beverages