Table 3.

The systematic ABCDEF approach to simulator briefing

ABCDEF	Mannequin	Treatment & Equipment
Airway	• Airway management options • Airway sounds and special effects • Speak • Blood, vomit or other Foreign Body Airway Obstruction	• Suction • Head tilt • Chin lift • Jaw thrust • Nasopharyngeal airway • Oropharyngeal airway • Oxygen devices • Supraglottic airway devices • Intubation
Breathing	• Respiratory rate • Chest sounds • Auscultation • Cyanosis	• Ventilation • Inhalation • Pulse oximetry • Arterial blood gas • CO2 monitoring
Circulation	• Pulse • Blood pressure • Capillary refill time • Diuresis • Lack of colours and temperature change	• Peripheral venous access • Central venous access • Intraosseous access • Fluids/blood transfusion • Blood samples • ECG • Urinary catheter
Disability	• Level of Consciousness AVPU/GCS • Pupils	• Blood glucose
Exposure/Environment	• Uncover patient • Signs of bleeding • Rash • Edema • Temperature • Vomiting	• Thermometer • Bandages
Further	• Drugs (administration constraints)	• Phone/pagers • White coats • Camera (if used, and information about confidentiality) • Facilitator (placement) • Operator (placement/function) • Other equipment (defibrillator, ultrasound, ventilator etc. if used in scenario) • Other resources (call for other specialties, X-ray, OR, Resuscitation team etc.) • Documents (patient charts, Early Warning Score sheets etc)