Table 1:
Comparison of demographic measures, subject characteristics, and comorbid conditions between case subjects with CRS and control subjects without CRS.
| Characteristics at enrollment: | Case Subjects with CRS (n=224) | Control Subjects (n=164) | Test statistic | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years | Mean[± SD] | 50.1 [± 16.6] | 51.3 [±17.4] | t= −0.72 | 0.471 |
| Males | N (%) | 107 (48%) | 62 (38%) | --- | --- |
| Females | 117 (52%) | 103 (62%) | χ2= 4.02 | 0.045 | |
| White/Caucasian | 201 (90%) | 118 (71%) | χ2= 21.37 | <0.001 | |
| African American | 17 (8%) | 38 (23%) | χ2= 18.66 | <0.001 | |
| Asian | 3 (1%) | 4 (2%) | χ2= 0.63 | 0.426 | |
| Hispanic/Latino ethnicity | 10 (5%) | 6 (4%) | χ2= 0.17 | 0.684 | |
| Education years completed: | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | |
| Less than Junior High/Middle School | 1 (<1%) | 0 (0%) | χ2< 0.01 | >0.999 | |
| Junior High / Middle School | 1 (<1%) | 0 (0%) | χ2< 0.01 | >0.999 | |
| High School | 68 (31%) | 48 (29%) | χ2= 0.07 | 0.787 | |
| Post-secondary / College / University | 94 (42%) | 74 (45%) | χ2= 0.32 | 0.570 | |
| Graduate school / Professional degree | 58 (26%) | 43 (26%) | χ2< 0.01 | 0.970 | |
| Nasal polyposis | 119 (53%) | 0 (0%) | χ2= 126.29 | <0.001 | |
| Previous sinus surgery / ESS | 102 (46%) | 0 (0%) | χ2= 101.84 | <0.001 | |
| Asthma | 99 (44%) | 14 (9%) | χ2= 58.79 | <0.001 | |
| Diabetes mellitus (Type I/II) | 22 (10%) | 15 (9%) | χ2= 0.06 | 0.808 | |
| Depression (history/self-reported) | 62 (28%) | 27 (16%) | χ2= 6.89 | 0.009 | |
| Anxiety (history/self-reported) | 50 (22%) | 20 (12%) | χ2= 6.70 | 0.010 | |
| OSA | 35 (16%) | 15 (9%) | χ2= 3.62 | 0.057 | |
| Smoking / tobacco use (current) | 9 (4%) | 19 (12%) | χ2= 8.00 | 0.005 | |
| Smoking / tobacco use (former) | 50 (22%) | 43 (26%) | χ2= 0.79 | 0.374 | |
| Alcohol use (current) | 121 (54%) | 99 (60%) | χ2= 1.27 | 0.259 | |
| Allergic rhinitis | 113 (50%) | 49 (30%) | χ2= 16.11 | <0.001 | |
| Positive allergy test (mRast/skin prick) | 118 (53%) | 38 (23%) | χ2= 34.29 | <0.001 | |
| GERD | 62 (28%) | 18 (11%) | χ2= 16.36 | <0.001 | |
| Autoimmune disease | 23 (10%) | 5 (3%) | χ2= 7.29 | 0.001 | |
| Oral corticosteroid use (past 30 days) | 50 (22%) | 1 (1%) | χ2= 39.33 | <0.001 | |
SD, standard deviation; ESS, endoscopic sinus surgery; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; GERD, gastroesophageal Reflux disease; t, independent samples t-test statistic; χ2, chi-square test statistic; reported p-values correspond to two-sided asymptotic significance.