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. 2020 Jan 8;15(1):e0224359. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0224359

Fig 3. Changes in cervical immunity from before to after acquisition of cervicovaginal infections (CVIs) stratified by hormonal contraceptive use (no HC, DMPA and COC) and adjusted for site, age, pregnancy, breastfeeding, overlapping CVIs, unprotected sex and vaginal practices.

Fig 3

CVIs include: (1) vaginal dysbiosis defined by Nugent 4–6, Nugent 7–10 or a positive test for candida, and (2) sexually transmitted infections positive for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) or genital herpes (HSV-2). Horizontal axis represents averages of individual level differences in pg biomarker per ml cervical elution adjusted to mg/ml total protein. The concentration of each biomarker at the visit preceding each CVI is set to 0 on the X axis of each bar plot; bars to the left represent decreased and bars to the right–increased levels at the time of CVI incidence. Number of incident infections: Nugent 7–10 –no HC = 56, DMPA = 98, COC = 97, Nugent 4–6 –no HC = 53, DMPA = 107, COC = 112, TV–no HC = 12, DMPA = 13, COC = 11, Candida—no HC = 33, DMPA = 66, COC = 68, CT–no HC = 9, DMPA = 10, COC = 13, GC–no HC = 11, DMPA = 18, COC = 10, HSV-2 –no HC = 5, DMPA = 5, COC = 8. Visits with any missing diagnostic test were excluded. *, p<0.05, **, p<0.01, ***, p<0.001.