Table 1. Baseline participant characteristics.
Data are n/N, Control = meningococcal ACWY-CRM conjugate vaccine, Vi-TT = Vi-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine, Vi-PS = Vi-polysaccharide vaccine.
| Azithromycin | Ciprofloxacin | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (N = 52) |
Study A (N = 32) |
Study B (N = 20) |
All (N = 29) |
Study A (N = 18) |
Study B (N = 11) | |
| Gender | ||||||
| Male | 34 (65.4%) | 20 (62.5%) | 14 (70.0%) | 23 (79.3%) | 14 (77.8%) | 9 (81.8%) |
| Age (Median, IQR) | 26.2 [23.3–35.4] | 24.4 [22.9–30.7] | 27.5 [24.1–44.7] | 27.9 [21.6–32.0] | 26.6 [21.6–29.6] | 27.9 [21.6–40.3] |
| Subgroups | ||||||
| Vaccine (Study A only) | ||||||
| Control | 16 (30.8%) | 16 (50%) | - | 8 (27.6%) | 8 (44.4%) | - |
| Vi-TT | 7 (13.5%) | 7 (21.9%) | - | 6 (20.7%) | 6 (33.3%) | - |
| Vi-PS | 9 (17.3%) | 9 (28.1%) | - | 4 (13.8%) | 4 (22.2%) | - |
| None | 20 (38.5%) | - | 20 (100%) | 11 (37.9%) | - | 11 (100%) |
| Challenge exposure | ||||||
| S. Typhi naive | 37 (71.2%) | 32 (100%) | 5 (25.0%) | 25 (86.2%) | 18 (100%) | 7 (63.6%) |
| Previous S. Typhi challenge (Study B only) | 8 (15.4%) | - | 8 (40.0%) | 4 (13.8%) | - | 4 (36.4%) |
| Previous S. Paratyphi challenge (Study B only) | 7 (13.5%) | - | 7 (35.0%) | 0 (0%) | - | 0 (0%) |
| Microbiological Outcomes | ||||||
| Any S. Typhi bacteraemia | 52 (100%) | 32 (100%) | 20 (100%) | 26 (89.7%) | 16 (88.9%) | 10 (90.9%) |
| Bacteraemia clearance before commencing antibiotics | 8 (15.4%) | 5 (15.6%) | 3 (15.0%) | 11 (42.3%) | 9 (56.3%) | 2 (40.0%) |
| Clinical Outcomes | ||||||
| Any fever ≥38°C | 29 (55.8%) | 19 (59.4%) | 10 (50.0%) | 21 (72.4%) | 11 (61.1%) | 10 (90.9%) |
| Fever ≥38°C clearance before commencing antibiotics | 1 (3.4%) | 1 (5.3%) | 0 (0%) | 1 (4.8%) | 1 (9.1%) | 0 (0%) |