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. 2019 Nov 1;4(21):e130811. doi: 10.1172/jci.insight.130811

Figure 2. YAP1 is essential for the maintenance of squamous subtype of PDACs.

Figure 2

(A and B) Colony formation assay in human PDAC cell lines (A) or PDX cells (B) infected with YAP1 shRNAs or nontargeting shRNA. Relative colony numbers upon normalization to the nontargeting shRNA group are shown (n = 3). (C) PaTu8988S and PaTu8988T cells engineered with inducible shRNA targeting YAP1 or nontargeting shRNA were subcutaneously injected into nude mice. Animals were treated with doxycycline once tumor size reached 20–50 mm3. Tumor volumes were measured on the indicated dates after injection (n = 5). (D) Heatmap shows the expression level of squamous and progenitor subtype signature genes measured with NanoString in PaTu8988S cells expressing GFP or YAP1S127A and PaTu8988T cells. (E and F) Ectopic expression of YAP1S127A in PaTu8988S and Pa04C cells promotes anchorage-independent growth in soft agar (quantification from triplicates shown) (E) and cell invasion in a Boyden chamber assay (quantification of triplicates is shown) (F). (G) YAP1 signature score among mouse PDAC tumors with indicated genotypes. (H) Colony formation assay in mouse PDAC cells infected with YAP1 shRNAs or nontargeting shRNA. Relative colony numbers upon normalization to the nontargeting shRNA group is shown (n = 3). The box plots depict the minimum and maximum values (whiskers), the upper and lower quartiles, and the median. The length of the box represents the interquartile range. Error bars from all panels indicate ± SD. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01.