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. 2020 Jan 8;40(2):369–381. doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1953-19.2019

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Copyright © 2020 Torrecillos, Falato et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International, which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium provided that the original work is properly attributed.

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Figure 4. — TMS when EEG beta power is high. A, MEP Amplitude as a function of the pre-TMS EEG phase across beta frequencies averaged across all participants. B, MEP Amplitude and latency as a function of the pre-TMS EEG phase averaged across all participants, aligned to the respective optimal phase Ph0 for MEP amplitude and compared with surrogate data. Paired t tests at Ph0: *p < 0.05. C, CV of MEP amplitude across phase bins when the optimal phases of each participant are aligned as in B. Repeated-measures ANOVA (F_(8,6) = 3.25, p = 0.005). Paired t test against surrogate at Ph0: *p < 0.05. D, Distribution of mean-corrected MEP latencies of all participants at their respective optimal and nonoptimal phases for all trials (probability density function). E, Mean-corrected MEP latencies according to the pyramidal neuron excitability as inferred from MEP amplitude with fixed stimulation intensity. Two groups of trials were defined based on a 1.2 mV threshold (dashed red line) and the distribution of mean-corrected MEP latencies of all participants at their respective optimal and nonoptimal phases were compared for Group 1 (trials with MEPs < 1.2 mV) and Group 2 (MEPs > 1.2 mV).