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. 2019 Dec 16;11(24):12097–12113. doi: 10.18632/aging.102542

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Copyright © 2019 Yao et al.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.

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Hydrogen-rich medium increased M2 macrophage-associated anti-inflammatory cytokine levels and reduced M1 macrophage-associated pro-inflammatory cytokine levels in RAW 264.7 cells after induction. Secretion of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10 and TGF-β1 from macrophages. n=8 per group. Data are shown as the mean ± SEM. Significance was calculated by one-way ANOVA, *: P<0.05. Abbreviations: Con, control group; LPS/IFN-γ, RAW 264.7 cells treated with LPS and IFN-γ to induce polarization into M1-type macrophages; HRS, RAW 264.7 cells treated with hydrogen-rich medium only; HRS + LPS/IFN-γ, RAW 264.7 cells treated with hydrogen-rich medium after being treated with LPS and IFN-γ.