Table 4.
Baseline characteristics between two groups, n(%).
| Parameters | Intervention group (n = 268) | Control group (n = 270) | t or χ2 values | P values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 28.12 ± 5.38 | 27.29 ± 6.02 | 0.412 | 0.544 |
| Educational level | ||||
| Junior high school and below | 27(10.07) | 31(11.48) | ||
| High school/secondary school/college | 162(60.45) | 156(57.78) | 0.480 | 0.786 |
| University and above | 79(29.48) | 83(30.74) | ||
| Monthly income (RMB) | ||||
| <2000 | 32(11.94) | 29(10.74) | ||
| 2000-5000 | 201(75) | 194(71.85) | 1.522 | 0.467 |
| >5000 | 35(13.06) | 45(16.67) | ||
| Place of residence | ||||
| Rural | 72(26.87) | 85(31.48) | 1.387 | 0.239 |
| City | 196(73.13) | 185(68.52) | ||
| Sports activities (h/d) | ||||
| <7 | 53(19.78) | 62(22.96) | ||
| 7-10 | 162(60.45) | 156(57.78) | 0.820 | 0.664 |
| >10 | 53(19.78) | 52(19.26) | ||
| Passive smoking | 32(11.94) | 36(13.33) | 0.595 | 0.440 |
| Primitive | 18(6.72) | 22(8.15) | 0.401 | 0.527 |
| Family history of diabetes | 12(4.48) | 10(3.7) | 0.205 | 0.650 |
| Family history of hypertension | 41(15.3) | 37(13.7) | 0.276 | 0.599 |
| Hypertension during pregnancy | 53(19.78) | 59(21.85) | 0.352 | 0.553 |
| Prepregnancy BMI (kg/m2) | 23.41 ± 4.29 | 24.17 ± 3.16 | 0.248 | 0.624 |
| Oral medications | ||||
| Metformin | 87(32.46) | 90(33.33) | 0.182 | 0.980 |
| Glyburide | 65(24.25) | 68(25.19) | ||
| Analogues | 116(43.28) | 112(41.48) | ||
| Weight gain during pregnancy | ||||
| Insufficient | 46(17.16) | 42(15.56) | 2.056 | 0.358 |
| Appropriate | 180(67.16) | 173(64.07) | ||
| Excessive | 42(15.67) | 55(20.37) |
Note: n = 268 in the interventional group and n = 270 in the control group.