Table 1.
Characteristics of AECOPD patients, stable COPD patients and healthy controls
| Characteristic | AECOPD patients (N = 90) | Stable COPD patients (N = 90) | Healthy controls (N = 90) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 68.0 ± 6.5 | 67.4 ± 7.4 | 68.1 ± 7.1 | 0.784 |
| Gender (male/female) | 69/21 | 64/26 | 62/28 | 0.487 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.8 ± 3.1 | 22.0 ± 2.8 | 22.8 ± 2.6 | 0.125 |
| Family history of COPD | 26 (28.9) | 28 (31.1) | 15 (16.7) | 0.057 |
| History of smoking | 46 (51.1) | 44 (49.8) | 27 (30.0) | 0.007 |
| FEV1/FVC (%) | 59.80 (54.53-65.05) | 61.50 (57.20-64.80) | 82.30 (79.60-84.03) | < 0.001 |
| FEV1 (predicted, %) | 56.35 (45.33-81.68) | 68.40 (56.00-82.63) | 99.15 (96.25-100.90) | < 0.001 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 57.99 (34.31-85.86) | 19.60 (9.80-32.95) | 14.00 (7.67-21.45) | < 0.001 |
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | 3.87 (2.05-6.00) | 1.32 (0.64-2.14) | 0.93 (0.53-1.33) | < 0.001 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 37.27 (15.46-54.76) | 9.00 (4.98-18.96) | 7.42 (3.85-11.67) | < 0.001 |
| IL-17 (pg/mL) | 51.13 (22.12-107.86) | 16.63 (6.36-33.78) | 9.77 (5.86-16.99) | < 0.001 |
Data are presented as mean value ± standard deviation, count (percentage) or median (25th-75th quantiles). Comparison between three groups was determined by one-way ANOVA, Chi-Square test, or Kruskal-Wallis test. P value < 0.05 was considered significant. AECOPD: acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COPD: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; FEV1/FVC: a forced expiratory volume in the first second; FVC: forced vital capacity; TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α; IL: interleukin.