Table 1.
General characteristics of the INMA cohort study, Spain 2003–2008 by geographical areas.
| General Characteristics | All Cohorts | Guipuzkoa | Sabadell | Valencia | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 2032) | (n = 618) | (n = 634) | (n = 780) | ||
| Maternal age, years, Mean (SD) 1 | 30.33 (4.4) | 31.37 (3.7) | 30.23 (4.5) | 29.61 (4.6) | <0.001 |
| Maternal pre-pregnancy BMI, kg/m2, Mean (SD)1 | 23.52 (4.3) | 23.03 (3.7) | 23.71 (4.5) | 23.75 (4.6) | 0.003 |
| Mode of delivery, Eutocic vs. Dystocic, n (%) 2 | 1171 (62.3) | 394 (70.1) | 395 (67.3) | 382 (52.2) | <0.001 |
| Parity ≥ 1 vs. 0, n (%) 2 | 909 (44.8) | 287 (46.4) | 280 (44.3) | 342 (43.8) | 0.600 |
| Ethnic group | |||||
| Caucasian vs. other, n (%) 2 | 1946 (95.9) | 603 (98.0) | 613 (96.7) | 730 (93.5) | <0.001 |
| Maternal marital status | |||||
| Lives with father’s child vs. other situations, n (%) 2 | 1998 (98.3) | 615 (99.5) | 624 (98.4) | 759 (97.3) | 0.006 |
| Maternal educational level, n (%) 2 | |||||
| Primary or no education | 531 (26.2) | 82 (13.3) | 183 (29.0) | 266 (34.1) | <0.001 |
| Secondary | 830 (40.9) | 227 (36.9) | 267 (42.2) | 336 (43.1) | |
| University | 667 (32.9) | 307 (49.8) | 182 (28.8) | 178 (22.8) | |
| Social Class, n (%) 2 | |||||
| High | 392 (19.8) | 151 (24.8) | 135 (22.6) | 106 (13.7) | <0.001 |
| Medium | 338 (17.1) | 80 (13.2) | 107 (17.9) | 151 (19.5) | |
| Low | 1248 (63.0) | 377 (62.0) | 356 (59.5) | 515 (66.5) | |
| Smoking, yes vs. no, n (%) 2 | |||||
| 1st period * | 354 (18.4) | 73 (12.5) | 91 (15.3) | 190 (25.5) | <0.001 |
| 2nd period * | 326 (16.9) | 66 (11.3) | 85 (14.3) | 175 (23.5) | <0.001 |
| Alcohol intake, g/day, Mean (SD) 3 | |||||
| 1st period * | 0.33 (1.2) | 0.18 (0.7) | 0.33 (1.3) | 0.41 (1.5) | 0.003 |
| 2nd period * | 0.33 (1.2) | 0.23 (0.7) | 0.36 (1.2) | 0.39 (1.3) | 0.025 |
| Breastfeeding, months, Mean (SD) 1 | 25.8 (19.8) | 28.9 (20.6) | 25.9 (19.2) | 19.5 (19.8) | <0.001 |
| Maternal IQ, Mean (SD) 1 | 10.1 (3.0) | 9.8 (2.7) | 10.6 (2.9) | 9.8 (3.3) | <0.001 |
1 ANOVA for continuous parametric variables; 2 Chi-squared test; 3 Kruskal-Wallis test for non-parametric variables; * 1st period: First period of pregnancy; 2nd period: Second period of pregnancy; n varies across assessments; INMA, Infancia y Medio Ambiente.