Table 4.
Neuropsychological scores in children aged 7–8 years according to total daily iron intake (mg/day) assessed in the second period of pregnancy. INMA cohort study, Spain 2003–2008.
| Tertiles of Total Iron Intake (mg/day) | p | Posthoc Analyses | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.0–14.5 a | 14.5–30.0 b | >30.0 c | |||
| Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | Median (IQR) | |||
| N-Back Test | |||||
| d’ numbers 1-back | 3.4 (3.3–3.5) | 3.5 (3.4–3.6) | 3.4 (3.3–3.5) | 0.587 | |
| d’ numbers 2-back | 1.7 (1.6–1.8) | 2.0 (1.8– 2.07) | 1.8 (1.7–1.9) | 0.045 | 0.014 ab |
| d’ numbers 3-back | 0.9 (0.9–1.0) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 1.1 (1.0–1.2) | 0.131 | |
| Attention Network Test | |||||
| Omission errors | 4.5 (3.9–5.1) | 4.7 (3.9–5.6) | 5.5 (4.7–6.2) | 0.022 | 0.045 ab 0.029 ab |
| HRT- SE | 315.8 (308.8–322.8) | 312.1 (304.5–319.8) | 321.4 (313.3–320.8) | 0.146 | |
| Trail Making Test | |||||
| Response time TMT A | 70.3 (67.4–73.3) | 75.2 (71.6–78.9) | 72.0 (67.9–76.0) | 0.014 | 0.004 ab |
| Response time TMT B | 73.2 (70.3–76.1) | 75.4 (72.0–78.7) | 74.6 (69.7–79.4) | 0.467 | |
p-values are from Kruskal–Wallis test; IQR: Inter Quartile Range; HRT SE: Hit reaction time standard error; a Total iron intake in the second period of pregnancy 0.0–14.5; b Total iron intake in the second period of pregnancy 14.5–30.0; c Total iron intake in the second period of pregnancy >30.0; a,b Differences between groups.