Influence of RTr inhibition and VLP-Vpx treatment on PFV-mediated ISG induction during target-cell entry. (a,b) MDDCs were incubated with wild type PFV-RCP (MOI 0.25), HIV-1 GFP (MOI 2), and VLP-Vpx or ∆GPE (mock B) mock supernatants in the absence or presence of AZT (100 µM) as indicated. ISG54 mRNA levels normalized for RPL13A mRNA levels were determined by qPCR at 24 h post exposure. (a) Mean values ± SEMs, plus individual data points of ISG54 (n = 3–4) induction relative to medium incubated samples are shown. (b) Mean values ± SEMs, plus individual data points of ISG54 (n = 4) induction relative to the respective sample incubated with the same virus type without AZT addition are shown. One-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple-comparisons test was used to assess significance. (c,d) MDDCs were incubated with wild type PFV-RCP (MOI 0.25), HIV-1 GFP (MOI 2) supernatants, or ∆GPE (mock B) mock supernatants in the absence or presence of VLP-Vpx as indicated. ISG54 mRNA levels normalized for RPL13A mRNA levels were determined by qPCR at 6 and 24 h post exposure. (c) Mean values ± SEMs, plus individual data points, of ISG54 (n = 7) induction relative to medium incubated samples are shown. (d) Mean values ± SEMs, plus individual data points, of ISG54 (n = 7) induction relative to the respective sample incubated with the same virus type without VLP-Vpx addition are shown. One-way ANOVA with Sidak’s multiple-comparisons test was used to assess significance. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001; ns: not significant (p ≥ 0.05).