Table 7.

Studies on immune system effects related to cocoa or chocolate use, included in this review.

Study	Study Design	Food Type	Main Outcomes
Ramiro-Puig E. et al. 2008 [85]	In vivo and in vitro rat study	Cocoa	Cocoa-enriched diet modulated intestinal immune responses in young rats
Camps-Bossacoma M. et al. 2018 [86]	In vivo and in vitro rat study	Cocoa	Theobromine in cocoa was responsible for systemic and intestinal antibody concentrations and for modifying lymphocyte composition in young healthy rats
Esser D. et al. 2014 [87]	Randomized double blind crossover human study	Chocolate	Dark chocolate consumption improved leukocyte adhesion factors and vascular function in overweight men
Rodríguez-Lagunas M.J. et al. 2019 [89]	Cross-sectional observational human study	Cocoa	Consumption of cocoa was inversely correlated with physical activity and allergies. Moderate cocoa consumers had less frequency of chronic disease than the low consumers
Abril-Gil M. et al. 2012 [91]	In vivo rat study	Cocoa	Cocoa-enriched diet produced an immunomodulatory effect that prevented anti-allergen IgE synthesis