Table 3.

Representative halophilic enzymes from deep-sea microorganisms.

Source	Habitat	Enzyme	Activities at High Saline Concentrations	References
Zunongwangia profunda	deep-sea sediment	α-amylase	93% activity at 4 M NaCl	[88]
Bacillus sp. dsh19-1	deep-sea sediment	α-amylase	60.5% activity at 5 M NaCl	[89]
Zunongwangia profunda	deep-sea sediment	xylanase	near 100% activity at 5 M NaCl	[84]
Flammeovirga pacifica	deep-sea water	xylanase	maximum at 1.5 M NaCl	[85]
Emericellopsis sp. TS11	deep-sea sponge	xylanase	maximum at 2 M NaCl	[114]
Metagenomic libraries	deep-sea brine	esterase	maximum at 3–4 M NaCl	[110]
Fosmid library	deep-sea sediment	esterase	maximum at 3.5 M NaCl	[27]
Psychrobacter pacificensis	deep-sea water	esterase	maximum at 5 M NaCl	[90]
Pseudoalteromonas spp.	deep-sea sediment	protease	maximum at 2 M NaCl	[111]
Metagenomic libraries	deep-sea brine	mercuric reductase	maximum at 4 M NaCl	[112]
candidate division MSBL1 archaeon SCGC-AAA261G05	deep-sea brine	DNA polymerase	maximum at 0.5 M NaCl	[113]