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. 2019 Nov 21;11(12):2855. doi: 10.3390/nu11122855

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Modulation by OC and OA of mRNA expression levels of cytokines, inflammatory and remodeling enzymes, and metabolic transcriptional regulator associated with adipocyte inflammation. SGBS adipocytes were pretreated with OC or OA 25 µmol/L (6 h) and then treated with 10 ng/mL TNF-α for 18 h. Total RNA was extracted from cells, and mRNA levels of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) (A), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) (B), metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) (C), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) (D) were measured by qPCR using specific primers and probes and normalized to 18S RNA. Data (means ± SD, n = 3) are expressed as fold induction over unstimulated control (CTL). # p < 0.05 versus CTL. * p < 0.05 versus TNF-α alone. ** p < 0.01 versus TNF-α alone.