Table 1.

Plasma cytokine intensity from the wild rice fed and control groups.

Plasma Cytokines (pg/mL)	Experimental Groups
	Control Group (n = 4)	Wild Rice Group (n = 4)	% Change
EPO	6.69 ± 2.7	14.01 ± 4.7 *	↑109
TNF-α	6.77 ± 0.7	5.57 ± 0.5 *	↓18
VEGF	6.06 ± 0.6	5.0 ± 0.5 *	↓18
IL10	4.32 ± 1.77	9.94 ± 3.14 *	↑130
IL16	645.83 ± 14.4	422.07 ± 64.3 *	↓35

Data are presented as means ± standard deviation. Statistical analyses were performed using the Mann Whitney test; *: p < 0.05 as compared with the controls. EPO: erythropoietin, TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor-α, VEGF: vascular endothelial growth factor, IL-16: interleukin-16. ↓: Decrease. ↑: Increase