Table 1.
Results of the algorithm to determine expected metabolite level alterations (ADEMA) network analysis performed on metabolite quantification values assessed from small intestine neuroendocrine tumor (SI-NET) samples by high-resolution 1H magic angle spinning (HRMAS) nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Seven ADEMA models were performed according to patient clinical characteristics and tumor pathological features. ADEMA predicts the expected change in direction per metabolite. An expected metabolite level for cases and controls was obtained per metabolite.
| Metabolite | Tumor Grade | Perineural-Invasion | Angio-Invasion | Parietal Infiltration | Tumor Secretion | Metastases at Diagnosis | Primary T Multifocality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| G1 (35) vs. G2 (11) | Yes (13) vs. No (8) | Yes (16) vs. No (8) | Deep (38) vs. Superficial (5) | Yes (13) vs. No (33) | Yes (31) vs. No (15) | Yes (16) vs. No (30) | |
| Taurine | = | up | up | up | = | = | up |
| Aspartate | up | up | = | down | down | up | up |
| Serine | up | down | down | down | down | down | down |
| Acetate | up | up | down | down | down | down | down |
| NAA | up | down | down | up | up | down | down |
| Isoleucine | up | down | down | up | down | up | down |
| Glucose | up | down | = | down | down | down | = |
| Glycine | down | = | down | down | = | = | = |
| Valine | up | down | down | = | down | up | down |
| Lactate | = | up | up | up | up | up | up |
| Alanine | = | = | down | up | down | up | down |
| Myoinositol | = | = | = | up | = | = | up |
| Ascorbate | up | = | = | down | up | up | = |
| GSH | = | = | = | = | = | = | = |
| Glutamate | = | = | down | up | = | = | = |
| Scylloinositol | = | down | = | up | down | = | up |
| Succinate | up | down | = | = | = | = | up |
| Fumarate | = | up | down | down | up | down | down |
| Glutamine | up | = | down | up | up | down | = |
| Arginine | up | = | down | up | up | up | up |
| Creatine | up | = | down | down | down | up | up |
| Ethalonamine | up | down | down | = | = | up | = |
| Choline | = | up | up | = | up | up | up |
| GPC | = | up | up | = | = | up | up |
| PC | = | = | = | down | up | = | up |
| Tyrosine | up | down | down | up | up | down | down |
| Tryptophane | up | up | up | up | = | up | = |
Metabolite: detected and quantified metabolites from tissue specimens; Up: metabolites that are predicted to increase (red); Down: metabolites that are predicted to decrease (blue); =: metabolites that are expected to stay the same; NAA: N Acetyl Aspartate; GSH: Glutathione; GPC: Glycerophosphocholine; PC: Phosphorylcholine; Deep parietal infiltration: tumoral invasion of muscle layer and serosa; Superficial parietal infiltration: tumoral infiltration limited to mucosa and sub mucosa. Number of analyzed samples is reported in brackets for each ADEMA model.