. 2019 Nov 29;11(12):2897. doi: 10.3390/nu11122897

Table 1.

Age, anthropometric, and body composition characteristics, and the FMI range classification assumed by gender.

Variable	Normal	Excess fat	Obesity	Total
Men
Age, years	71.3 ± 5.5 ^a	67.9 ± 6.1 ^a	67.7 ± 5.8 ^a	68.3 ± 5.9
Weight, kg	60.1 ± 5.3 ^a,*	75.2 ± 9.5 ^b,*	85.7 ± 11.9 ^c,*	77.7 ± 13.1 *
Height, m	1.7 ± 0.04 ^a,*	1.7 ± 0.07 ^a,*	1.7 ± 0.06 ^a,*	1.7 ± 0.06 *
BMI, kg/m²	21.8 ± 1.9 ^a	26.3 ± 2.1 ^b	29.7 ± 3.2 ^c	27.1 ± 3.7
FFM, kg	47.1 ± 5.3 ^a,*	53.1 ± 7.8 ^b,*	53.3 ± 7.7 ^b,*	52.4 ± 7.7 *
TBW, kg	35.7 ± 3.73 ^a,*	39.9 ± 6.0 ^b,*	39.3 ± 5.9 ^b,*	39.1 ± 5.8 *
FM, kg	13.8 ± 1.7 ^a	22.1 ± 2.9 ^b	32.4 ± 5.8 ^c	25.3 ± 7.9
FMI, kg/m²	4.9 ± 0.7 ^a	7.7 ± 0.8 ^b	11.2 ± 1.6 ^c	8.8 ± 2.5
HF	0.759 ± 0.025 ^a	0.752 ± 0.027 ^a	0.737 ± 0.033 ^b	0.746 ± 0.030
Women
Age, years	69.1 ± 8.3 ^a	67.9 ± 6.7 ^a	69.2 ± 6.4 ^a	68.5 ± 6.8
Weight, kg	55.2 ± 6.7 ^a	65.9 ± 7.5 ^b	77.5 ± 8.9 ^c	69.9 ± 10.8
Height, m	1.6 ± 0.07 ^a	1.5 ± 0.07 ^a	1.5 ± 0.06 ^a	1.6 ± 0.06
BMI, kg/m²	22.9 ± 1.8 ^a	27.2 ± 2.1 ^b,*	32.4 ± 3.1 ^c,*	29.0 ± 4.1 *
FFM, kg	36.6 ± 5.1 ^a	38.3 ± 5.1 ^a,b	39.5 ± 4.6 ^b	38.6 ± 4.9
TBW, kg	27.2 ± 4.3 ^a	28.6 ± 4.2 ^a,b	29.7 ± 3.9 ^b	28.9 ± 4.1
FM, kg	18.7 ± 2.9 ^a,*	27.7 ± 3.6 ^b,*	37.9 ± 5.9 ^c,*	31.3 ± 7.9 *
FMI, kg/m²	7.8 ± 1.0 ^a,*	11.4 ± 1.1 ^b,*	15.9 ± 2.3 ^c,*	12.9 ± 3.2 *
HF	0.743 ± 0.048 ^a	0.746 ± 0.033 ^a	0.753 ± 0.034 ^a,*	0.748 ± 0.035

BMI = body mass index, FFM = fat-free mass, TBW = total body water, FM = fat mass, FMI = fat mass index, HF = hydration factor. * p < 0.05 the between-gender comparison in each FMI category was tested by an two-sample independent t-test. ^a,b,c p < 0.05 the differences within each gender across the FMI classification ranges were tested by a one-way analysis of variance with a post-hoc Tukey test.