Figure 5.

Effect of fetal calf serum and human serum enriched with OPCO metabolites on primary human articular chondrocytes proliferation: XTT activity. Human articular chondrocytes (HACs) were harvested from tibial plateau and femoral condyles following knee replacement surgery and isolated. Human primary chondrocytes were preincubated with serum from calf (A) or human origin (B) for 24 and 48 h. Primary human articular chondrocytes proliferation was measured using the XTT-based assay. Cells proliferate without any negative impact of human serum or metabolite enrichment (− absence; + presence). Groups with significant differences (P < 0.05) are indicated with different letters (a, b, c and d).