Table 1.

Macular VD in normal, pre-perimetric and early perimetric glaucoma eyes (Mean ± SD)

	Macular VD (%)			P value (univariate, multivariate)
	normal	PPG	early PG	a	b
wi	50.9 ± 2.8	46.9 ± 3.6	43.1 ± 5.3	< 0.001, 0.002	< 0.001, < 0.001
wi SH	51.0 ± 2.9	47.5 ± 3.7	44.2 ± 5.8	< 0.001, 0.026	< 0.001, < 0.001
wi IH	50.9 ± 2.8	46.4 ± 3.9	41.9 ± 5.7	< 0.001, < 0.001	< 0.001, < 0.001
Regional
Para	52.4 ± 3.3	49.7 ± 5.2	46.5 ± 7.2	0.022, 0.333	< 0.001, 0.004
Para T	52.4 ± 3.3	50.6 ± 4.0	46.0 ± 7.9	0.066, 0.846	< 0.001, 0.004
Para S	53.2 ± 4.3	50.5 ± 6.0	48.3 ± 6.4	0.046, 0.280	0.001, 0.019
Para N	52.0 ± 3.1	47.7 ± 6.8	45.9 ± 7.5	0.003, 0.052	< 0.001, 0.002
Para I	51.9 ± 4.0	50.1 ± 5.6	45.9 ± 8.1	0.171, 0.851	0.001, 0.013
Peri	51.9 ± 2.8	47.8 ± 3.6	43.6 ± 5.6	< 0.001, 0.002	< 0.001, < 0.001
Peri T	46.9 ± 3.4	43.6 ± 3.7	40.2 ± 4.5	0.001, 0.116	< 0.001, < 0.001
Peri S	52.5 ± 3.2	48.1 ± 3.9	44.5 ± 6.6	< 0.001, 0.009	< 0.001, < 0.001
Peri N	55.9 ± 2.7	53.1 ± 3.5	48.3 ± 7.2	0.001, 0.026	< 0.001, < 0.001
Peri I	52.3 ± 3.0	46.5 ± 4.6	41.1 ± 5.9	< 0.001, < 0.001	< 0.001, < 0.001

Univariate and multivariate analyses using a mixed effects model that was adjusted for age, sex, and SSI were used for comparison. The Bonferroni-corrected significance level (0.025) was used for multiple comparisons

VD Vessel density, PPG Pre-perimetric glaucoma, PG Perimetric glaucoma, wi Whole image, SH superior hemifield, IH Inferior hemifield, Para Parafoveal, Peri Perifoveal, T Temporal, S Superior, N Nasal, I Inferior

a. Comparison between the PPG and normal group

b. Comparison between the early PG and normal group