Table 1.
Characteristics of children who survived beyond 30 days of life and children who died (by cause of death and age at death) in England and Sweden
| Live births | All deaths at 31–364 days | All deaths at 1–4 years | RTI-related deaths at 31–364 days | RTI-related deaths at 1–4 years | SUDIs at 31–364 days | |||||||
| England (n=3 928 483) | Sweden (n=1 012 682) | England (n=4768) | Sweden (n=774) | England (n=2223) | Sweden (n=476) | England (n=768) | Sweden (n=131) | England (n=691) | Sweden (n=118) | England (n=1166) | Sweden (n=189) | |
| Birth weight (g) | ||||||||||||
| <1500 | 26 221 (0.67) | 4646 (0.46) | 863 (18) | 112 (14) | 107 (4.8) | 14 (2.9) | 76 (9.9) | 13 (9.9) | 37 (5.4) | 6 (5.1) | 53 (4.5) | 17 (9) |
| 1500–2499 | 189 481 (4.8) | 25 674 (2.5) | 918 (19) | 126 (16) | 306 (14) | 47 (9.9) | 172 (22) | 30 (23) | 109 (16) | 18 (15) | 197 (17) | 15 (7.9) |
| 2500–3499 | 2 089 095 (53) | 428 894 (42) | 2198 (46) | 332 (43) | 1217 (55) | 216 (45) | 396 (52) | 49 (37) | 387 (56) | 52 (44) | 651 (56) | 92 (49) |
| ≥3500 | 1 623 686 (41) | 553 468 (55) | 789 (17) | 204 (26) | 593 (27) | 199 (42) | 124 (16) | 39 (30) | 158 (23) | 42 (36) | 265 (23) | 65 (34) |
| Gestational age (weeks) | ||||||||||||
| 24–34 | 85 340 (2.2) | 17 616 (1.7) | 1155 (24) | 158 (20) | 169 (7.6) | 34 (7.1) | 133 (17) | 25 (19) | 55 (8) | 13 (11) | 119 (10) | 22 (12) |
| 35–36 | 136 681 (3.5) | 30 220 (3) | 433 (9.1) | 77 (9.9) | 144 (6.5) | 28 (5.9) | 75 (9.8) | 10 (7.6) | 51 (7.4) | 11 (9.3) | 116 (9.9) | 16 (8.5) |
| 37–38 | 726 161 (18) | 191 005 (19) | 1088 (23) | 182 (24) | 516 (23) | 101 (21) | 183 (24) | 33 (25) | 184 (27) | 23 (19) | 291 (25) | 45 (24) |
| ≥39 | 2 980 301 (76) | 773 841 (76) | 2092 (44) | 357 (46) | 1394 (63) | 313 (66) | 377 (49) | 63 (48) | 401 (58) | 71 (60) | 640 (55) | 106 (56) |
| Baby’s sex | ||||||||||||
| Boy | 2 014 198 (51) | 520 597 (51) | 2731 (57) | 437 (56) | 1202 (54) | 260 (55) | 416 (54) | 76 (58) | 367 (53) | 66 (56) | 734 (63) | 117 (62) |
| Girl | 1 914 285 (49) | 492 085 (49) | 2037 (43) | 337 (44) | 1021 (46) | 216 (45) | 352 (46) | 55 (42) | 324 (47) | 52 (44) | 432 (37) | 72 (38) |
| Congenital anomalies | ||||||||||||
| No | 3 815 315 (97) | 988 298 (98) | 2626 (55) | 456 (59) | 1386 (62) | 358 (75) | 370 (48) | 72 (55) | 347 (50) | 75 (64) | 1117 (96) | 165 (87) |
| Yes | 113 168 (2.9) | 24 384 (2.4) | 2142 (45) | 318 (41) | 837 (38) | 118 (25) | 398 (52) | 59 (45) | 344 (50) | 43 (36) | 49 (4.2) | 24 (13) |
| Chronic condition (diagnosed throughout infancy) | ||||||||||||
| No | 3 753 493 (96) | 985 057 (97) | 1132 (51) | 265 (56) | 241 (35) | 51 (43) | ||||||
| Yes | 174 990 (4.5) | 27 625 (2.7) | 1091 (49) | 221 (44) | 450 (65) | 67 (57) | ||||||
| Maternal age (years) | ||||||||||||
| <20 | 241 111 (6.1) | 16 149 (1.6) | 552 (12) | 34 (4.4) | 189 (8.5) | 16 (3.4) | 70 (9.1) | 8 (6.1) | 51 (7.4) | 3 (2.5) | 222 (19) | 12 (6.3) |
| 20–24 | 757 667 (19) | 129 130 (13) | 1152 (24) | 145 (19) | 553 (25) | 73 (15) | 179 (23) | 28 (21) | 163 (24) | 16 (14) | 358 (31) | 48 (25) |
| 25–29 | 1 063 293 (27) | 295 730 (29) | 1209 (25) | 222 (29) | 571 (26) | 131 (28) | 210 (27) | 42 (32) | 178 (26) | 32 (27) | 282 (24) | 55 (29) |
| 30–34 | 1 109 174 (28) | 356 128 (35) | 1063 (22) | 212 (27) | 555 (25) | 156 (33) | 168 (22) | 31 (24) | 187 (27) | 45 (38) | 176 (15) | 44 (23) |
| ≥35 | 757 238 (19) | 215 545 (21) | 792 (17) | 161 (21) | 355 (16) | 100 (21) | 141 (18) | 22 (17) | 112 (16) | 22 (19) | 128 (11) | 30 (16) |
| Quintile of socioeconomic status | ||||||||||||
| Q1: most deprived | 851 119 (22) | 201 434 (20) | 1534 (32) | 239 (31) | 627 (28) | 115 (24) | 247 (32) | 51 (39) | 201 (29) | 29 (25) | 393 (34) | 69 (37) |
| Q2 | 803 435 (20) | 200 305 (20) | 1185 (25) | 162 (21) | 489 (22) | 114 (24) | 197 (26) | 27 (21) | 145 (21) | 23 (19) | 315 (27) | 42 (22) |
| Q3 | 767 678 (20) | 202 580 (20) | 813 (17) | 105 (14) | 422 (19) | 94 (20) | 132 (17) | 13 (9.9) | 126 (18) | 27 (23) | 209 (18) | 22 (12) |
| Q4 | 762 378 (19) | 204 117 (20) | 700 (15) | 127 (16) | 366 (16) | 85 (18) | 110 (14) | 20 (15) | 108 (16) | 20 (17) | 162 (14) | 26 (14) |
| Q5: least deprived | 743 873 (19) | 204 246 (20) | 536 (11) | 141 (18) | 319 (14) | 68 (14) | 82 (11) | 20 (15) | 111 (16) | 19 (16) | 87 (7.5) | 30 (16) |
Data are number (%) of children who survived beyond 30 days of life, of all deaths, of RTI-related deaths at 31–364 days and at 1–4 years, and of SUDIs at 31–364 days. Column total may not add up to 100% due to rounding.
RTI, respiratory tract infection; SUDI, sudden unexpected death in infancy.