Figure 2.

Proliferation, Migration, and Phagocytosis of Microglia Cultured with IL-4 or GM-CSF

(A) Phase-contrast micrographs of microglia cultured with IL-4 (20 [IL4-20] or 40 [IL4-40] ng/mL) or GM-CSF (20 [GM-20] or 40 [GM-40] ng/mL). Graphs show cell number of microglia (×10² cells/cm²) on days 1 and 3. Error bars showed means + SD (n = 3 in each group). *p < 0.05 as compared with day 3 control group; ^†p < 0.01 as compared with day 3 other groups. (B) Micrographs and migration assay of microglia. After 3-day culture with none (CTR), IL-4 (20 [IL4-20] or 40 [IL4-40] ng/mL), or GM-CSF (20 [GM-20] or 40 [GM-40] ng/mL), migration assay was performed. Photographs were taken 12 h after scratching. Broken lines show scratched area in each group. Graphs show number of migrated cells to scraped area. Error bars showed means + SD (n = 3 in each group). *p < 0.05. (C) Phagocytosis assay of microglia in IL4-40 and GM-40 groups on day 3. FITC intensity of microglia were calculated for each group. Bars showed mean + SD (n = 3 in each group). *p < 0.05. Scale bars, 100 μm. CTR, no cytokine control group.