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. 2020 Jan 9;10:61. doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-56898-7

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© The Author(s) 2020

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Calibration of the biosensor signal by FluidFM BOT measurements (a) Demonstration of the developed methodology: Individual cells are first let to spread and adhere in the biosensor device while their IWS signal is recorded. (b) Afterwards, the same single-cells are detached from the surface and their force-distance curves are measured using the FluidFM BOT device. (c,d) Correlation between the IWS signal and adhesion energies as well as IWS signal and adhesion forces measured in the experiments on the same single-cells. The linear correlation coefficients were determined as C = 0.8607 for the adhesion energy- and C = 0.8945 for the adhesion force versus the IWS recorded by the optical biosensor. (e) Corresponding brightfield microscopy images are also taken in order to facilitate the thresholding of the Cardio imager data. The scale bars represent 100 µm. (S, M and L marks a typical Small, Medium and Large sized cell, respectively.)