Table 3.
Brain shift for each patient before and after brain shift compensation for each pair of iUS images
| Patient | Brain shift: iUS to iUS | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (1) Mean distance between automatic features (SD) [#features] (mm) | (2) Mean distance between manual landmarks (SD) [#land marks] (mm) | |||||
| iUS to iUS pair | Initial | After FEM | Initial | After thin-plate spline | After FEM | |
| 1 | U0–U1 | 1.71 (0.79) [46] | 1.89 (0.73) | 1.53 (0.87) [10] | 1.31 (0.67) | 1.76 (0.64) |
| 2 | U0–U1 | 4.20 (0.81) [19] | 1.43 (0.72) | 3.16 (0.06) [10] | 1.34 (0.68) | 1.71 (0.83) |
| U0–U2 | 2.51 (1.08) [7] | 1.63 (0.79) | 2.00 (0.93) [10] | 2.80 (1.61) | 1.67 (0.78) | |
| 3 | U0–U1 | 1.55 (0.86) [26] | 1.52 (0.81) | 1.28 (0.43) [8] | 0.67 (0.31) | 1.13 (0.51) |
| U0–U2 | 9.29 (1.59) [5] | 7.48 (2.95) | 7.66 (5.18) [10] | 13.8 (8.57) | 7.17 (4.38) | |
| 4 | U0–U1 | 1.59 (0.77) [112] | 1.16 (0.64) | 1.77 (1.22) [10] | 1.29 (0.75) | 1.53 (0.79) |
| U0–U2 | 2.85 (1.53) [16] | 1.67 (0.93) | 2.93 (1.05) [10] | 1.88 (1.00) | 1.38 (0.56) | |
| 5 | U0–U1 | 0.81 (0.63) [363] | 0.81 (0.64) | 0.77 (0.40) [10] | 0.84 (0.50) | 0.82 (0.50) |
| U0–U2 | 2.13 (0.72) [87] | 1.16 (0.67) | 2.33 (1.12) [10] | 1.54 (1.37) | 1.46 (1.06) | |
| 6 | U0–U1 | 2.22 (1.25) [8] | 1.16 (0.39) | 2.08 (0.80) [9] | 2.58 (1.15) | 2.06 (1.01) |
| 7 | U0–U1 | 1.34 (0.66) [67] | 0.99 (0.61) | 1.96 (1.22) [10] | 1.72 (0.75) | 1.64 (0.86) |
| U0–U2 | 2.60 (1.39) [41] | 1.33 (1.04) | 3.25 (0.99) [9] | 2.10 (1.20) | 1.27 (0.62) | |
| 8 | U0–U1 | 2.68 (0.95) [32] | 2.59 (0.94) | 2.19 (0.86) [10] | 1.61 (0.67) | 2.07 (0.60) |
| 9 | U0–U1 | 3.15 (0.60) [67] | 2.19 (0.87) | 2.97 (0.84) [10] | 0.80 (0.40) | 2.14 (0.89) |
| U0–U2 | 2.97 (0.98) [14] | 1.81 (1.00) | 3.15 (1.15) [10] | 2.66 (1.35) | 2.12 (0.96) | |
| 10 | U0–U1 | 2.31 (0.89) [10] | 1.58 (0.75) | 2.08 (0.77) [9] | 2.53 (1.47) | 2.44 (0.82) |
| U0–U2 | 1.79 (1.55) [46] | 1.70 (1.56) | 1.64 (0.78) [10] | 1.57 (0.64) | 1.62 (0.85) | |
| 11 | U0–U1 | 2.75 (0.92) [39] | 2.15 (0.83) | 2.82 (0.96) [10] | 2.05 (1.12) | 2.46 (1.31) |
| 12 | U0–U1 | 2.00 (0.54) [6] | 2.00 (0.45) | 2.21 (2.17) [10] | 5.12 (3.67) | 2.14 (2.09) |
| U0–U2 | 1.34 (0.66) [48] | 1.28 (0.67) | 1.75 (1.27) [10] | 1.49 (0.92) | 1.56 (1.14) | |
| 13 | U0–U1 | 1.58 (0.77) [13] | 1.50 (0.68) | 2.10 (0.89) [9] | 2.17 (1.12) | 2.41 (1.02) |
| U0–U2 | 2.45 (0.80) [12] | 1.60 (0.86) | 2.64 (1.12) [10] | 1.92 (0.78) | 2.10 (0.98) | |
| 14 | U0–U2 | 2.12 (0.83) [4] | 1.70 (0.51) | 2.21 (1.75) [10] | 2.48 (1.46) | 1.81 (1.01) |
| 15 | U0–U2 | 1.71 (0.79) [46] | 1.89 (0.73) | 1.53 (0.87) [10] | 1.31 (0.67) | 1.76 (0.64) |
| Mean | 2.52 (1.65) | 1.84 (1.30) | 2.46 (1.30) | 2.44 (2.63) | 2.02 (1.18) | |
Brain shift is measured as the mean distance between (1) automatically generated features and (2) manually identified landmarks