Table 2.
Population attributable risk (PAR; per 100 000 person-year), population attributable fraction (PAF; %), Relative Index of Inequality (RII), Slope Index of Inequality (SII) (95% CI) by educational level for ischaemic and cerebrovascular disease mortality in 1990–1994 (or as otherwise specified) versus 2010–2014, by population and gender
| PAR (100 000 person-years) | PAF (%) | SII (95% CI) | RII (95% CI) | ||||||
| 1990–1994* | 2010–2014 | 1990–1994* | 2010–2014 | 1990–1994* | 2010–2014 | 1990–1994* | 2010–2014 | ||
| Men | |||||||||
| Ischaemic heart disease | |||||||||
| Finland | 205.5 (197.1 to 214.4) | 97.0 (95.1 to 99.2) | 33.4 (31.7 to 35.2) | 41.9 (40.5 to 43.5) | 395.9 (365.9 to 425.9) | 231.1 (217.5 to 244.7) | 2.20 (2.07 to 2.33) | 2.96 (2.76 to 3.17) | |
| Denmark | 123.3 (116.7 to 130.6) | 41.7 (40.3 to 43.2) | 36.8 (34.4 to 39.3) | 41.8 (39.6 to 44.0) | 193.4 (172.1 to 214.8) | 97.1 (88.5 to 105.8) | 2.03 (1.90 to 2.17) | 2.86 (2.60 to 3.15) | |
| England and Wales | 175.9 (152.6 to 201.4) | 40.2 (32.0 to 49.2) | 32.8 (27.4 to 38.4) | 25.4 (18.2 to 32.4) | 407.1 (299.8 to 514.4) | 124.8 (66.3 to 183.3) | 2.70 (2.06 to 3.53) | 2.31 (1.51 to 3.55) | |
| Austria | 121.8 (101.1 to 144.6) | 58.4 (54.8 to 62.0) | 29.5 (23.6 to 35.5) | 34.3 (31.4 to 37.0) | 71.4 (27.9 to 114.9) | 114.6 (99.0 to 130.1) | 1.21 (1.09 to 1.34) | 1.92 (1.75 to 2.12) | |
| Switzerland | 69.4 (65.3 to 73.6) | 32.2 (31.1 to 33.4) | 24.6 (22.8 to 26.4) | 33.2 (31.4 to 35.1) | 139.1 (122.9 to 155.3) | 90.0 (80.9 to 99.2) | 1.65 (1.55 to 1.75) | 2.81 (2.53 to 3.12) | |
| Spain (Barcelona) | 36.4 (28.5 to 44.7) | 24.3 (20.2 to 28.8) | 19.5 (14.6 to 24.3) | 28.5 (22.1 to 34.6) | 27.1 (-0.3 to 54.5) | 38.4 (18.4 to 58.3) | 1.19 (1.01 to 1.40) | 1.66 (1.28 to 2.15) | |
| Italy (Turin) | 40.4 (20.4 to 58.1) | 17.7 (6.6 to 29.8) | 18.2 (9.9 to 26.6) | 19.4 (4.7 to 33.2) | 31.9 (-12.9 to 76.7) | 41.8 (11.1 to 72.5) | 1.26 (1.03 to 1.55) | 1.57 (1.08 to 2.28) | |
| Italy (Emilia) | 40.3 (30.2 to 51.1) | 23.4 (18.8 to 28.2) | 26.1 (18.0 to 33.9) | 35.5 (25.8 to 44.3) | 67.5 (34.8 to 100.2) | 46.8 (28.4 to 65.1) | 1.60 (1.30 to 2.10) | 2.10 (1.50 to 2.90) | |
| Hungary | 143.1 (133.3 to 153.6) | 198.0 (194.8 to 201.6) | 22.5 (20.8 to 24.2) | 45.9 (44.7 to 47.2) | 141.2 (111.7 to 170.7) | 488.7 (470.3 to 507.1) | 1.44 (1.38 to 1.51) | 3.99 (3.78 to 4.22) | |
| Poland | 151.1 (148.0 to 154.3) | 114.3 (112.7 to 116.0) | 43.1 (41.9 to 44.3) | 48.6 (47.6 to 49.7) | 323.8 (313.8 to 333.8) | 245.9 (240.6 to 251.2) | 3.04 (2.94 to 3.15) | 3.35 (3.26 to 3.44) | |
| Estonia | 300.3 (288.7 to 312.8) | 153.9 (148.5 to 159.7) | 40.9 (38.7 to 43.2) | 44.7 (41.8 to 47.5) | 616.6 (569.3 to 663.8) | 356.2 (319.4 to 393.0) | 2.57 (2.39 to 2.78) | 2.98 (2.63 to 3.37) | |
| Lithuania | 309.7 (299.9 to 320.7) | 283.7 (277.6 to 290.4) | 41.2 (39.5 to 43.1) | 44.3 (42.7 to 45.9) | 531.3 (497.4 to 565.1) | 542.3 (509.6 to 575.0) | 2.24 (2.12 to 2.37) | 2.63 (2.46 to 2.80) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | |||||||||
| Finland | 40.1 (34.6 to 45.3) | 23.6 (22.2 to 25.0) | 23.7 (20.0 to 27.2) | 34.2 (30.9 to 36.9) | 72.1 (55.1 to 89.1) | 54.6 (46.9 to 62.3) | 1.74 (1.56 to 1.94) | 2.38 (2.10 to 2.70) | |
| Denmark | 31.8 (26.8 to 36.7) | 18.3 (16.9 to 19.7) | 28.0 (22.9 to 32.8) | 32.6 (29.1 to 35.8) | 40.1 (27.0 to 53.2) | 46.1 (39.4 to 52.7) | 1.62 (1.44 to 1.82) | 2.52 (2.22 to 2.87) | |
| England and Wales | 36.4 (23.3 to 50.1) | 8.8 (2.8 to 15.0) | 28.3 (15.4 to 40.0) | 24.3 (3.5 to 41.7) | 81.6 (25.8 to 137.5) | 24.0 (-4.7 to 52.8) | 2.20 (1.27 to 3.82) | 2.20 (0.87 to 5.55) | |
| Austria | 53.1 (39.8 to 66.0) | 16.1 (14.4 to 18.1) | 32.8 (23.1 to 41.6) | 34.8 (29.7 to 40.5) | 104.2 (77.0 to 131.3) | 35.9 (27.9 to 43.9) | 1.90 (1.60 to 2.25) | 2.22 (1.84 to 2.67) | |
| Switzerland | 20.9 (18.6 to 23.1) | 8.1 (7.4 to 8.8) | 26.7 (23.0 to 30.1) | 30.0 (25.7 to 33.6) | 49.6 (41.1 to 58.1) | 20.6 (15.8 to 25.5) | 1.97 (1.75 to 2.21) | 2.42 (1.98 to 2.95) | |
| Spain (Barcelona) | 27.9 (21.9 to 34.5) | 8.4 (5.2 to 11.7) | 26.3 (19.4 to 33.3) | 22.6 (12.0 to 32.4) | 46.2 (25.8 to 66.6) | 16.9 (3.8 to 30.0) | 1.72 (1.36 to 2.17) | 1.68 (1.13 to 2.49) | |
| Italy (Turin) | 44.9 (33.3 to 56.1) | 8.1 (-0.4 to 16.6) | 33.3 (22.7 to 42.8) | 17.3 (-4.7 to 35.5) | 90.7 (58.7 to 122.7) | 10.5 (-12.1 to 33.1) | 2.08 (1.54 to 2.80) | 1.18 (0.71 to 1.98) | |
| Italy (Emilia) | 2.5 (-5.5 to 10.9) | 5.3 (1.7 to 9.8) | 4.6 (-11.6 to 19.6) | 19.0 (2.3 to 35.8) | 17.0 (-2.8 to 36.9) | 12.8 (0.6 to 25.1) | 1.40 (1.00 to 2.20) | 1.70 (1.10 to 2.80) | |
| Hungary | 197.7 (191.9 to 203.6) | 99.2 (97.6 to 100.9) | 51.7 (49.6 to 53.7) | 58.6 (56.7 to 60.5) | 365.7 (345.9 to 385.6) | 247.4 (236.4 to 258.4) | 3.37 (3.14 to 3.63) | 6.81 (6.18 to 7.50) | |
| Poland | 111.2 (109.2 to 113.3) | 75.2 (74.0 to 76.6) | 54.6 (53.1 to 56.1) | 53.2 (51.8 to 54.8) | 242.1 (234.7 to 249.4) | 172.5 (168.4 to 176.5) | 4.29 (4.08 to 4.51) | 4.34 (4.18 to 4.50) | |
| Estonia | 112.4 (103.9 to 121.5) | 39.1 (35.5 to 42.2) | 37.8 (33.9 to 41.7) | 41.8 (35.5 to 47.0) | 236.5 (206.0 to 267.1) | 92.6 (73.4 to 111.7) | 2.51 (2.23 to 2.82) | 3.00 (2.36 to 3.80) | |
| Lithuania | 103.1 (97.4 to 109.0) | 96.4 (92.6 to 100.2) | 44.6 (41.2 to 48.0) | 45.5 (42.6 to 48.2) | 161.7 (143.0 to 180.4) | 181.5 (162.9 to 200.1) | 2.21 (1.99 to 2.44) | 2.66 (2.38 to 2.97) | |
| Women | |||||||||
| Ischaemic heart disease | |||||||||
| Finland | 103.3 (97.7 to 109.2) | 30.2 (28.9 to 31.6) | 46.2 (43.1 to 49.5) | 47.2 (44.0 to 50.4) | 184.1 (168.1 to 200.0) | 70.7 (63.7 to 77.7) | 2.76 (2.50 to 3.06) | 3.76 (3.26 to 4.34) | |
| Denmark | 72.3 (67.4 to 77.5) | 19.3 (18.4 to 20.2) | 53.0 (48.4 to 57.6) | 51.1 (47.3 to 54.9) | 127.5 (114.3 to 140.6) | 47.3 (42.4 to 52.1) | 3.83 (3.36 to 4.37) | 4.92 (4.14 to 5.85) | |
| England and Wales | 106.8 (86.8 to 127.6) | 22.9 (17.7 to 29.1) | 47.6 (37.0 to 58.2) | 42.1 (27.8 to 55.5) | 228.1 (155.6 to 300.6) | 63.0 (30.8 to 95.1) | 4.87 (2.72 to 8.72) | 4.37 (1.83 to 10.44) | |
| Austria | 53.3 (27.6 to 81.9) | 30.0 (25.2 to 35.4) | 31.2 (15.1 to 48.2) | 46.3 (37.5 to 55.6) | 87.7 (63.8 to 111.6) | 55.1 (45.9 to 64.3) | 1.72 (1.47 to 2.01) | 2.52 (2.15 to 2.96) | |
| Switzerland | 37.4 (31.4 to 43.6) | 13.5 (11.8 to 15.2) | 39.9 (32.6 to 47.2) | 45.6 (38.3 to 52.9) | 72.2 (63.7 to 80.7) | 28.4 (23.8 to 33.1) | 2.33 (2.10 to 2.59) | 3.07 (2.55 to 3.70) | |
| Spain (Barcelona) | 25.9 (20.6 to 31.7) | 5.9 (3.2 to 8.7) | 47.6 (35.5 to 59.9) | 31.1 (13.5 to 47.3) | 43.3 (29.0 to 57.7) | 13.1 (4.2 to 22.0) | 2.76 (1.81 to 4.22) | 2.39 (1.27 to 4.51) | |
| Italy (Turin) | 23.3 (9.0 to 39.6) | 15.5 (7.9 to 25.1) | 31.9 (9.9 to 55.1) | 55.4 (23.9 to 90.9) | 30.9 (3.6 to 58.1) | 30.6 (15.2 to 46.0) | 1.64 (1.06 to 2.55) | 3.53 (1.53 to 8.14) | |
| Italy (Emilia) | 10.3 (2.3 to 19.8) | 9.7 (6.9 to 12.8) | 22.7 (2.8 to 43.8) | 46.9 (28.2 to 64.5) | 16.6 (-1.2 to 34.3) | 11.7 (1.6 to 21.8) | 1.90 (1.21 to 3.72) | 1.70 (1.00 to 3.10) | |
| Hungary | 109.1 (98.9 to 120.0) | 86.9 (82.6 to 91.0) | 37.7 (33.8 to 41.8) | 43.9 (41.2 to 46.4) | 96.4 (72.9 to 119.9) | 218.6 (207.6 to 229.7) | 1.69 (1.55 to 1.84) | 4.52 (4.18 to 4.89) | |
| Poland | 66.0 (62.9 to 69.3) | 45.0 (43.8 to 46.3) | 48.8 (46.1 to 51.6) | 54.7 (52.8 to 56.7) | 132.5 (126.8 to 138.1) | 99.3 (96.6 to 101.9) | 3.42 (3.23 to 3.62) | 4.41 (4.22 to 4.61) | |
| Estonia | 139.5 (132.6 to 147.3) | 47.1 (44.3 to 50.0) | 48.4 (45.5 to 51.2) | 46.0 (41.5 to 50.1) | 287.3 (265.0 to 309.6) | 117.7 (101.9 to 133.5) | 3.40 (3.07 to 3.78) | 3.71 (3.06 to 4.49) | |
| Lithuania | 144.1 (137.3 to 150.8) | 120.8 (117.5 to 124.1) | 48.4 (45.5 to 52.3) | 52.5 (50.3 to 54.8) | 236.0 (218.6 to 253.4) | 250.1 (235.0 to 265.1) | 2.67 (2.47 to 2.90) | 3.92 (3.57 to 4.29) | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | |||||||||
| Finland | 34.0 (29.0 to 39.3) | 12.3 (11.0 to 13.7) | 30.1 (25.0 to 35.2) | 30.1 (47.4 to 57.4) | 65.1 (53.1 to 77.1) | 32.9 (27.0 to 38.9) | 1.97 (1.74 to 2.25) | 2.50 (2.11 to 2.96) | |
| Denmark | 27.2 (22.9 to 32.1) | 12.9 (11.6 to 14.4) | 34.7 (28.2 to 41.7) | 33.3 (28.8 to 37.9) | 41.9 (31.1 to 52.6) | 34.8 (29.6 to 40.1) | 2.08 (1.78 to 2.43) | 3.03 (2.58 to 3.56) | |
| England and Wales | 15.8 (-3.0 to 36.6) | 14.2 (10.0 to 19.0) | 14.3 (-4.5 to 33.0) | 42.1 (22.4 to 59.4) | 32.7 (-29.6 to 95.0) | 36.5 (11.5 to 61.4) | 1.61 (0.84 to 3.07) | 3.67 (1.24 to 10.84) | |
| Austria | 57.2 (41.3 to 75.2) | 11.2 (7.4 to 15.2) | 50.9 (34.8 to 68.3) | 37.0 (22.2 to 51.3) | 90.2 (71.6 to 108.7) | 22.5 (16.2 to 28.8) | 2.44 (1.99 to 2.99) | 2.20 (1.75 to 2.77) | |
| Switzerland | 17.9 (12.9 to 22.4) | 3.0 (1.0 to 5.2) | 37.2 (25.4 to 47.2) | 14.2 (3.9 to 24.2) | 31.1 (24.9 to 37.3) | 9.7 (5.5 to 13.9) | 1.99 (1.72 to 2.30) | 1.61 (1.31 to 1.99) | |
| Spain (Barcelona) | 21.4 (14.7 to 27.6) | 6.2 (2.8 to 10.3) | 35.5 (22.2 to 46.6) | 28.5 (9.7 to 47.8) | 32.9 (16.8 to 49.0) | 11.9 (1.9 to 21.9) | 1.89 (1.30 to 2.74) | 1.74 (1.00 to 3.03) | |
| Italy (Turin) | 27.7 (11.0 to 45.7) | 9.9 (2.6 to 19.0) | 32.3 (10.7 to 53.9) | 35.9 (3.6 to 69.0) | 40.5 (10.5 to 70.5) | 17.2 (1.2 to 33.3) | 1.76 (1.16 to 2.68) | 1.95 (0.91 to 4.18) | |
| Italy (Emilia) | 6.6 (−0.6 to 14.4) | 4.2 (0.0 to 8.6) | 19.3 (−4.6 to 42.0) | 23.2 (−4.9 to 47.4) | 15.7 (0.5 to 30.9) | 13.0 (3.5 to 22.5) | 1.60 (1.00 to 2.70) | 2.30 (1.20 to 4.50) | |
| Hungary | 135.0 (126.1 to 143.2) | 45.8 (43.4 to 48.7) | 53.5 (49.4 to 57.2) | 50.1 (46.5 to 54.1) | 203.4 (184.4 to 222.5) | 110.2 (102.9 to 117.4) | 2.82 (2.55 to 3.13) | 5.15 (4.57 to 5.80) | |
| Poland | 71.8 (68.7 to 74.7) | 45.2 (43.9 to 46.4) | 52.6 (49.9 to 55.1) | 54.7 (52.6 to 56.7) | 147.5 (142.0 to 152.9) | 99.6 (97.0 to 102.3) | 3.83 (3.62 to 4.06) | 4.27 (4.09 to 4.46) | |
| Estonia | 66.4 (58.8 to 73.5) | 19.0 (16.9 to 21.3) | 36.7 (31.5 to 41.5) | 39.9 (33.1 to 46.1) | 151.6 (133.0 to 170.2) | 52.3 (41.0 to 63.6) | 2.67 (2.35 to 3.03) | 3.50 (2.63 to 4.64) | |
| Lithuania | 66.1 (60.7 to 71.7) | 53.9 (51.0 to 56.9) | 42.2 (37.9 to 46.5) | 44.2 (40.8 to 47.6) | 113.4 (100.3 to 126.4) | 111.3 (99.8 to 122.8) | 2.39 (2.14 to 2.66) | 3.03 (2.68 to 3.43) | |
* 1995–1999 for Denmark and 2000–2004 for Italy (Emilia), Poland, Estonia and Lithuania.