Table 1.

Gene content and major features of the five genes encoding the Gβ subunits. Gene names are reported according to the Hugo Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC, [33]); Ensembl gene and transcript IDs, information on transcript/protein length as well as number of exons were retrieved to the Ensembl 97 and Ensembl Genomes 44 release, and, finally, genomic coordinates are specified on the GRCh38.p13 genome assembly. Uniprot identifiers rely on the UniProt release 2019_06 (published July 3, 2019) [34]. MIM IDs and phenotype MIM numbers are as in OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Men) database.

Gene Name (HGNC)	Description	Ensembl ID	RefSeq ID	Ensembl Transcript ID	Transcritp Length (bp)	Protein length (aa)	Uniprot	Cytogenetic Location	Genomic Coordinates (GRCh38, from Ensembl)	Strand	Nr. of Exons	Nr. of Coding Exons	MIM ID	Phenotype MIM Number(s)
GNB1	G protein subunit beta 1	ENSG00000078369.18	NM_002074	ENST00000378609.9	3163	340	P62873	1p36.33	1:1,785,285-1,891,117	reverse strand	12	9	*139380	#616973
GNB2	G protein subunit beta 2	ENSG00000172354.10	NM_005273	ENST00000303210.9	1664	340	Q6FHM2	7q22.1	7:100,673,567-100,679,174	forward strand	10	9	*139390	-
GNB3	G protein subunit beta 3	ENSG00000111664.10	NM_002075	ENST00000229264.7	1923	340	P16520	12p13.31	12:6,840,211-6,847,393	forward strand	11	9	*139130	#617024
GNB4	G protein subunit beta 4	ENSG00000114450.10	NM_021629	ENST00000232564.8	6315	340	Q9HAV0	3q26.33	3:179,396,088-179,451,476	reverse strand	10	9	*610863	#615185
GNB5	G protein subunit beta 5	ENSG00000069966.18	NM_006578	ENST00000358784.11	1735	353	O14775	15q21.2	15:52,122,206-52,180,001	reverse strand	11	11	*604447	#617173, #617182