Table 2.
MiRNAs associated with epigenetic mechanisms in TNBC.
| MiRNA | Direct/Indirect Targets | Functions | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| MiRNAs as the Targets of Aberrant Epigenetic Modulation | |||
| miR-31 | WAVE3, RhoA, Radexin, integrin | Metastasis suppressor | [53] |
| miR-200b | ZEB1, SOX2, CD133 | Inhibit the capacities of migration, invasion, and mammosphere formation | [54,55] |
| miR-200c/141 | ZEB1 | Lymph node metastasis, cellular plasticity | [56] |
| miR-203 | DKK1 | EMT and cancer stem cell properties | [57] |
| miR-34a | CDK6 | Tumor suppressor gene | [58] |
| miR-9-1 | Unknown | Associated with the early and frequent event in breast cancer development | [59] |
| miR-196a-2 | HOXB2, HOXB3, HOXC13, HOXB5 | A delay in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle | [60] |
| MiRNAs as the Regulators of Aberrant Epigenetic Modulation | |||
| miR-148a | DNMT3B | Associated with the primary human breast cancer development | [59,63] |
| miR-143 | DNMT3A | Inhibits proliferation and soft agar colony formation, downregulates the expression of DNMT3A | [64] |
| miR-200 family | HDAC4 | Influences the mesenchymal phenotype and drug-resistant phenotypes | [65,66] |