Ntsaluba 1997.

Methods	RCT
Participants	Singleton vertex presentation with intact membranes, BS < 6, no previous CS.
Interventions	Intracervical PGE2 (0.5 mg) (59 women) Foley catheter with a 30 mL balloon extra‐amniotic (53 women)
Outcomes	Change in BS, CS, uterine hyperstimulation, fever, neonatal sepsis, fetal distress.
Notes	Setting: KIng Henry 8th hospital, Durban, South Africa Study period: not reported Funding: not reported Declarations of interest: not reported
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No other details on the randomisation process.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Sealed envelopes.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not feasible due to nature of intervention
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	No ITT reported (although it's likely as numbers are equal as randomised numbers), no missing cases or data
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	All pre‐specified outcomes reported.
Other bias	Low risk	No other bias detected